Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is assessing a client who has an electrolyte imbalance related to renal failure. For which potential complications of this electrolyte imbalance should the nurse assess? (Select all that do mot apply.)

• A. Electrocardiogram changes
• B. Slow, shallow respirations
• C. Paralytic ileus
• D. Skeletal muscle weakness

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

2. When selecting a site on the hand or arm for insertion of an IV catheter, the nurse should:

• A. Choose a proximal site.
• B. Choose a distal site.
• C. Have the patient hold their arm in a dependent position.
• D. Leave the tourniquet on for no longer than 2 minutes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When selecting a site for insertion of an IV catheter, the nurse should choose a distal site, not a proximal site. Opting for a distal site ensures that upper veins remain available for future cannulations. Instructing the patient to hold their arm in a dependent position can enhance blood flow, aiding in the procedure. It is crucial never to leave a tourniquet on for more than 2 minutes as prolonged restriction can lead to complications. Choice A is incorrect because a proximal site is not preferred for IV insertion. Choice C is incorrect as having the patient hold their arm over their head is not necessary and may impede proper blood flow. Choice D is incorrect as leaving the tourniquet on for at least 5 minutes is excessive and can be harmful.

3. A nurse assesses a client who is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension. For which acid-base imbalance should the nurse assess to prevent complications of this therapy?

• A. Respiratory acidosis
• B. Respiratory alkalosis
• C. Metabolic acidosis
• D. Metabolic alkalosis

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

4. The nurse is caring for a patient in metabolic alkalosis. The patient has an NG tube to low intermittent suction for a diagnosis of bowel obstruction. What drug would the nurse expect to find on the medication orders?

• A. Cimetidine
• B. Maalox
• C. Potassium chloride elixir
• D. ) Furosemide

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

5. A patient's most recent laboratory results show a slight decrease in potassium. The physician has opted to forego drug therapy but has suggested increasing the patient's dietary intake of potassium. Which of the following would be a good source of potassium?

• A. Apples
• B. Asparagus
• C. Carrots
• D. Bananas

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Bananas are an excellent source of potassium. They are a popular choice for increasing dietary potassium intake due to their rich potassium content. Apples, asparagus, and carrots do not contain as high levels of potassium as bananas. While these fruits and vegetables are nutritious, they are not as effective in addressing a potassium deficiency as bananas.

Similar Questions