Nursing Elites

1. A nurse at a local health department is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with listeriosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

• A. Provide the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention with the client's information
• B. Inform the client that they are required to have health department staff directly observe their treatment
• C. Determine whether the condition is reportable under state requirements
• D. Find out whether the condition is endemic in the client's neighborhood

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Determine whether the condition is reportable under state requirements.' Listeriosis is a reportable disease, meaning healthcare providers are legally required to report cases to public health authorities. By checking the state requirements for reportable diseases, the nurse ensures compliance with public health regulations. Choice A is incorrect because providing the client's information to the CDC is not the immediate action needed. Choice B is incorrect as direct observation of treatment is not a standard procedure for listeriosis. Choice D is also incorrect as determining if the condition is endemic in the client's neighborhood is not the primary concern when managing a diagnosed case of listeriosis.

2. A county public health nurse is developing a list of interventions to address the three core functions of public health. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include as part of the assurance function?

• A. Use surveillance to investigate outbreaks of foodborne illness
• B. Monitor the incidence rates of varicella every 2 months
• C. Organize an immunization clinic for at-risk members of the community
• D. Educate the community about the health risks of alcohol use

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Organize an immunization clinic for at-risk members of the community.' This intervention is part of the assurance function in public health, as it ensures that the community has access to preventive health services. Choice A is related to the assessment function as it involves surveillance to investigate outbreaks. Choice B is also related to the assessment function since it involves monitoring incidence rates. Choice D is associated with the policy development function as it involves educating the community about health risks.

3. A client with hypertension is receiving teaching from a healthcare provider. Which statement demonstrates comprehension of the instruction?

• A. I will limit my daily salt intake to 3g
• B. I will discontinue my medication when I start feeling better
• C. I will adhere to a consistent daily medication schedule
• D. I will engage in 60 minutes of exercise every day

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer because taking hypertension medication at the same time each day ensures its effectiveness in managing blood pressure. Consistency in medication intake is crucial to control hypertension. Option A focuses on dietary management, which is essential but not directly related to medication adherence. Option B is incorrect as stopping hypertension medication abruptly can lead to complications. Option D addresses the importance of exercise, which is beneficial for hypertension but not directly related to medication adherence.

4. A nurse manager assigns a new nurse to care for a client with unstable blood pressure. What is the nurse's priority action?

• A. Ask the charge nurse for assistance.
• B. Recheck the blood pressure before calling for help.
• C. Monitor the client's blood pressure closely.
• D. Administer antihypertensive medication immediately.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to recheck the blood pressure before calling for help. When caring for a client with unstable blood pressure, the nurse's priority is to ensure an accurate assessment. Rechecking the blood pressure will confirm the instability and guide further actions. Asking the charge nurse for assistance (Choice A) is important but should come after assessing the situation. Monitoring the client's blood pressure closely (Choice C) is essential, but the immediate action should be to recheck and confirm the current status. Administering antihypertensive medication immediately (Choice D) without a confirmed assessment can be dangerous and is not the initial priority.

5. A healthcare provider is preparing to administer digoxin to a patient with heart failure. Which of the following lab results should be reviewed before administering the medication?

• A. Potassium level
• B. Calcium level
• C. Hemoglobin level
• D. White blood cell count

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Potassium level. Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin can potentiate the effects of low potassium levels, leading to life-threatening arrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential to review the patient's potassium level before administering digoxin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because calcium level, hemoglobin level, and white blood cell count are not directly related to the risk of digoxin toxicity.

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