Nursing Elites

1. A nearby community provides blood pressure screening, height and weight measurement, smoking cessation classes and aerobics class services. This type of program is referred to as

• A. outreach program
• B. hospital extension program
• C. barangay health program
• D. wellness program

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

2. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has neutropenia as a result of radiation therapy for the treatment of lung cancer. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the teaching?

• A. Bottled water is an appropriate choice to increase fluid intake.
• B. The salad bar is a healthy choice when dining out.
• C. Soft-boiled eggs are an appropriate source of protein.
• D. Eating at a buffet is a good choice to increase caloric intake.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In neutropenia, which is a low count of neutrophils, the client is at a high risk of infection. It is crucial to emphasize the importance of proper hydration to maintain overall health. Bottled water is a safe choice as it reduces the risk of exposure to contaminants that could further compromise the client's immune system. The other options, like the salad bar, soft-boiled eggs, and eating at a buffet, may not be suitable for a client with neutropenia due to the risk of bacterial contamination or exposure to pathogens that could lead to infections, which should be avoided.

3. A client with cirrhosis and ascites is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Decrease the client's fluid intake.
• B. Increase the client's saturated fat intake.
• C. Increase the client's sodium intake.
• D. Decrease the client's carbohydrate intake.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a client with cirrhosis and ascites, decreasing carbohydrate intake is essential as it helps reduce the production of ascitic fluid. Excess carbohydrates can lead to fluid retention. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Decreasing fluid intake can worsen dehydration, increasing saturated fat intake is not recommended due to its impact on liver health, and increasing sodium intake can worsen fluid retention and exacerbate ascites in these clients.

4. A nurse is teaching a group of adults about nutrition. The nurse should include which of the following amounts as an appropriate daily intake of fiber for adult women?

• A. 5 to 10 g
• B. 10 to 15 g
• C. 20 to 35 g
• D. 40 to 50 g

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 20 to 35 g. This range is the recommended daily intake of fiber for adult women. Fiber is essential for maintaining a healthy digestive system and overall well-being. Option A (5 to 10 g) is too low and may not provide sufficient fiber intake. Option B (10 to 15 g) is also below the recommended range. Option D (40 to 50 g) is too high and can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort and other complications if consumed in excess.

5. A client is being prepared for placement of a catheter for total parenteral nutrition. Which of the following access sites should be planned for catheter insertion?

• A. Left antecubital vein
• B. Right subclavian vein
• C. Right femoral artery
• D. Left arm radial artery

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Right subclavian vein. When preparing a client for placement of a catheter for total parenteral nutrition, the preferred access site for catheter insertion is the subclavian vein due to its large size, central location, and lower risk of infection compared to peripheral veins. The other options provided (Left antecubital vein, Right femoral artery, and Left arm radial artery) are not suitable access sites for central venous catheter insertion for total parenteral nutrition.

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