Nursing Elites

1. A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is said to be _____.

• A. periodontal
• B. cariogenic
• C. gingival
• D. bacteriophilic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is described as cariogenic. Cariogenic refers to foods or conditions that promote the development of dental caries by providing an environment for bacteria to thrive and produce acids that erode tooth enamel. Choice A, periodontal, is incorrect as it relates to the supporting structures of the teeth rather than the development of dental caries. Choice C, gingival, is also incorrect as it pertains to the gums rather than the causation of dental caries. Choice D, bacteriophilic, is not the term commonly used to describe conditions that lead to dental caries, making it an incorrect choice.

2. Children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and intellectual disabilities are likely to have abnormal sensory input and muscle tone. A small, underdeveloped tongue is common in many such disorders and results in diminished nutritional status.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first statement is true, but the second is false. These children often have a large tongue or tongue thrust, which can interfere with feeding and nutrition.

3. Why is there an ethical dilemma?

• A. Because the law does not clearly state what is right from what is wrong
• B. Because morality is subjective and it differs from each individual
• C. Because the patient's right coincide with the nurse's responsibility
• D. Because the nurse lacks ethical knowledge to determine what action is correct and what action is unethical

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an ethical dilemma arises when the patient's rights conflict with the nurse's responsibilities, requiring a careful balance to ensure ethical care delivery. Choices A and B are incorrect because ethical dilemmas are not solely about legal or subjective moral issues. Choice D is incorrect as nurses are generally equipped with ethical knowledge through education and training, and ethical dilemmas are more about conflicting values and responsibilities rather than a lack of knowledge.

4. Approximately 70 to 80 percent of acute pancreatitis cases are caused by gallstones or _____.

• A. infection
• B. alcohol abuse
• C. diabetes
• D. obesity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Alcohol abuse is indeed a major cause of acute pancreatitis, along with gallstones, accounting for the majority of cases. While infections, diabetes, and obesity can also contribute to pancreatitis, they are not as prevalent as alcohol abuse and gallstones in causing acute pancreatitis.

5. Skin care around the stoma is critical. Which of the following is not indicated as a skin care barriers?

• A. Apply liberal amount of mineral oil to the area
• B. Use karaya paste and rings around the stoma
• C. Clean the area daily with soap and water before applying bag
• D. Apply talcum powder twice a day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

Similar Questions