Nursing Elites

1. In the hospital, when you need the medical record of a discharged patient for research you will request permission through:

• A. Doctor in charge
• B. The hospital director
• C. The nursing service
• D. Medical records section

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. Which nutrients might people who follow a vegan diet be deficient in?

• A. Vitamin B12
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamins A and D
• D. Calcium

Correct answer: C

Rationale: People who adhere to a vegan diet might indeed be deficient in vitamins A and D, which are primarily found in animal-derived foods. While vitamin B12 and calcium can also be lacking in a vegan diet, these were not choices given that would correctly answer the question. Vitamin C, on the other hand, is widely available in numerous plant-based foods, making it less likely for vegans to be deficient in it. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Vitamins A and D'. It's important to note that deficiencies can be avoided through careful meal planning or supplementation.

3. Among people who are ill, significant weight loss may be masked by?

• A. dehydration
• B. a large tumor
• C. drug therapy
• D. fluid retention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fluid retention can mask weight loss in ill individuals as the retained fluid adds to body weight, making it difficult to detect true fat or muscle loss. Dehydration (Choice A) would actually lead to weight loss rather than masking it. While a large tumor (Choice B) could contribute to weight loss, it would not mask the weight loss itself. Drug therapy (Choice C) may cause side effects, including weight changes, but it is unlikely to mask significant weight loss in the same way that fluid retention does.

4. What are sheets/forms that provide an efficient and time-saving way to record information that must be obtained repeatedly at regular and/or short intervals of time? This does not replace progress notes; instead, it records information on vital signs, intake and output, treatment, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen, etc. These are used whenever specific measurements or observations need to be documented repeatedly. What is this?

• A. Nursing Kardex
• B. Graphic Flow Sheets
• C. Discharge Summary
• D. Medicine and Treatment Record

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Nursing Kardex. Nursing Kardex is a tool used for documenting essential patient information that needs to be recorded repeatedly at regular intervals. It includes vital signs, intake and output, treatment details, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen. This tool is efficient and time-saving for healthcare professionals. Choice B, Graphic Flow Sheets, may be used for visual representation of patient data but is not specifically designed for repeated documentation of essential information. Choice C, Discharge Summary, is a document outlining the patient's care and condition at the time of discharge, not for repeated recording of ongoing data. Choice D, Medicine and Treatment Record, focuses more on specific medications and treatments rather than a comprehensive recording of various patient data needed at regular intervals.

5. In order to establish and maintain successful breastfeeding, which practice should a lactating mother try to follow?

• A. Initiate breastfeeding within 24 hours of birth
• B. Breastfeed on a schedule of every 2 to 3 hours
• C. Give a pacifier to an infant between feedings
• D. Find a breastfeeding support group to troubleshoot problems

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Finding a breastfeeding support group is crucial for a lactating mother to establish and maintain successful breastfeeding. This group can offer valuable advice, tips, and encouragement, helping the mother troubleshoot any issues that may arise during breastfeeding. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because breastfeeding is a natural process that should not be overly scheduled, and giving a pacifier between feedings can interfere with establishing proper breastfeeding techniques.

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