Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for a condition where one or more members of a household, including children, consistently have little or no food due to lack of money?

• A. Marginal Food Security
• B. Food Desert
• C. Very Low Food Security
• D. Food Insecurity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Food Insecurity'. This term specifically describes a situation where household members consistently have inadequate access to food due to financial constraints. 'Marginal Food Security' (Choice A) refers to a situation where the quality or variety of food is reduced, but there is no significant decrease in food intake. A 'Food Desert' (Choice B) is an area with limited access to affordable and nutritious food. 'Very Low Food Security' (Choice C) is a term used to describe a severe level of food insecurity where eating patterns of household members are disrupted and food intake is reduced.

2. A nurse in a prenatal clinic is educating a client about expected changes during pregnancy. The nurse should instruct the client about which change during pregnancy is related to the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract?

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Constipation
• C. Decreased absorption of iron
• D. Decreased absorption of calcium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During pregnancy, the hormonal changes can lead to the slowing down of the gastrointestinal tract, causing constipation. This occurs due to increased progesterone levels, which relax smooth muscles, including those in the intestines, leading to slower bowel movements. Diarrhea is not typically associated with the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy. While there may be changes in the absorption of nutrients like iron and calcium, they are not directly related to the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract.

3. Nancy blames God for her situation. She is easily provoked to tears and wants to be left alone, refusing to eat or talk to her family. A religious person before, she now refuses to pray or go to church stating that God has abandoned her. The nurse understands that Nancy is grieving for her self and is in the stage of:

• A. bargaining
• B. denial
• C. anger
• D. acceptance

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. What is the medical term for a persistent, abnormal distortion of taste?

• A. Anosmia
• B. Dysgeusia
• C. Xerostomia
• D. Hypogeusia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Dysgeusia, which is a persistent and abnormal distortion of the sense of taste. This condition can be triggered by various factors such as medications or certain diseases. Anosmia, choice A, refers to the loss of the sense of smell, not taste. Xerostomia, choice C, is the medical term for dry mouth, which is not specifically related to a distortion of taste. Hypogeusia, choice D, refers to a reduced ability to taste things, which is not the same as a distortion of the sense of taste.

5. A client who has chronic lymphocytic leukemia is starting chemotherapy treatments and asks if she needs to make any dietary changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. "You should avoid drinking liquids an hour before the treatments."?
• B. "Eating low-calorie foods helps prevent nausea."?
• C. "Foods that are higher in fat are usually more appealing."?
• D. "Raw fruits and vegetables will be easier for your body to digest."?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During chemotherapy treatments for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, raw fruits and vegetables are recommended as they are easier for the body to digest. This choice provides essential nutrients and is gentle on the digestive system. Option A is incorrect because staying hydrated is crucial during chemotherapy. Option B is incorrect as low-calorie foods may not provide sufficient energy during treatment. Option C is incorrect because high-fat foods are not typically recommended due to potential digestive issues.

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