Nursing Elites

1. A client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to address this symptom?

• A. Encourage the client to discuss the voices.
• B. Instruct the client to listen to music to drown out the voices.
• C. Tell the client that the voices are not real.
• D. Distract the client from the voices.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the client to discuss the voices is the most appropriate nursing intervention when a client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. By discussing the voices, the client can feel heard, understood, and supported. It allows the client to express their experiences, which can help in processing and coping with the hallucinations. This intervention promotes therapeutic communication and builds a trusting nurse-client relationship, which is essential in providing effective care for individuals with schizophrenia. Choice B is incorrect because instructing the client to listen to music to drown out the voices does not address the underlying issue and may not be effective in managing auditory hallucinations. Choice C is incorrect because telling the client that the voices are not real can invalidate the client's experiences and feelings, leading to further distress. Choice D is incorrect as solely distracting the client from the voices does not help in addressing the hallucinations or supporting the client in dealing with their symptoms.

2. Which of the following interventions should be implemented for a client with anorexia nervosa? Select one that does not apply.

• A. Monitor daily caloric intake and weight
• B. Establish a structured eating plan
• C. Encourage the client to exercise
• D. Provide liquid supplements as prescribed

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Interventions for a client with anorexia nervosa include monitoring daily caloric intake and weight, establishing a structured eating plan, providing liquid supplements as prescribed, and offering rewards for weight gain. However, encouraging the client to exercise is not appropriate as it may exacerbate the condition by increasing caloric expenditure and reinforcing unhealthy behaviors associated with the disorder. Exercise may further contribute to excessive weight loss and worsen the client's physical health in the context of anorexia nervosa.

3. A client prescribed diazepam for anxiety is receiving education from a healthcare professional. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. I can drink alcohol while taking this medication.
• B. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
• C. I should take this medication only when I feel anxious.
• D. I can stop taking this medication when I feel better.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Clients should avoid alcohol while taking diazepam (Valium) as it can potentiate the effects of the medication, leading to excessive sedation and other adverse effects. Mixing alcohol with diazepam can also increase the risk of overdose and other serious complications. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to refrain from consuming alcohol while on this medication to ensure their safety and optimize the therapeutic benefits of diazepam for managing anxiety.

4. Which of the following symptoms should a healthcare provider expect to assess in a client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)? Select one that doesn't apply.

• A. Excessive worry
• B. Muscle tension
• C. Increased energy
• D. Restlessness

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder include excessive worry, muscle tension, restlessness, and irritability. Increased energy is not typically associated with GAD; clients often experience fatigue instead. This heightened energy level is more commonly seen in conditions like mania or hypomania, rather than in GAD. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Increased energy.' Choices A, B, and D are all symptoms commonly observed in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.

5. A healthcare professional is assessing a client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect? Select one that doesn't apply.

• A. Amenorrhea
• B. Lanugo
• C. Hypotension
• D. Hyperkalemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Findings in a client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa include amenorrhea, lanugo, hypotension, and bradycardia. Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with anorexia nervosa. In anorexia nervosa, electrolyte imbalances often lead to hypokalemia, which is low potassium levels, due to malnutrition and potential purging behaviors. Hyperkalemia, high potassium levels, is not a common finding in individuals with anorexia nervosa.

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