Nursing Elites

1. A client with a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order has requested resuscitation during a family visit. How should the nurse respond?

• A. Follow the client's wishes and start resuscitation.
• B. Explain that the DNR must be honored.
• C. Ignore the client's request.
• D. Consult with the family regarding the decision.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Nurses have a legal and ethical obligation to honor a client's do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order, regardless of any request for resuscitation during a family visit. It is crucial for the nurse to explain to the client that the DNR order must be respected. Choice A is incorrect because starting resuscitation against the client's documented wishes goes against the principle of autonomy. Choice C is inappropriate as it disregards the client's autonomy and legal directives. Choice D is not the best option as the nurse should prioritize honoring the client's decision as per the DNR order.

2. A nurse is discussing organ donation with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. To donate organs, a client must provide consent prior to death
• B. The transplant team will harvest the organs for donation from the donor client
• C. During admission, all clients over the age of 18 should be asked about their organ donor status
• D. The National Organ Transplant Act prohibits the sale and purchase of organs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Asking clients over 18 about their organ donation status upon admission is essential to ensure their wishes are respected. Option A is incorrect because organ donation requires consent, not harvesting. Option B is incorrect because the transplant team, not the donor client's provider, is responsible for organ retrieval. Option D is incorrect because the National Organ Transplant Act prohibits the commercialization of organ transactions, not their donation.

3. A healthcare professional is giving a change-of-shift report about a client admitted earlier that day with pneumonia. Which of the following pieces of information is the priority for the healthcare professional to provide?

• A. Recent chest x-ray results
• B. Medication history
• C. Breath sounds
• D. Lab results

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Breath sounds.' When providing a change-of-shift report for a client with pneumonia, the priority information to communicate is the assessment of breath sounds. Monitoring breath sounds is crucial in assessing respiratory status and the effectiveness of treatments in pneumonia. Option A, recent chest x-ray results, may be important but does not provide real-time information on the client's current status. Option B, medication history, is relevant but not as immediate as assessing breath sounds. Option D, lab results, can provide valuable information but may not be as urgent as monitoring the client's respiratory status through breath sounds.

4. A nurse is teaching a female client who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal about chlordiazepoxide. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. This medication may increase your blood pressure
• B. Breast tenderness may occur with this medication
• C. You can double the dose of medication if you feel anxious
• D. Notify the provider if pregnancy is desired or suspected

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Pregnancy can complicate alcohol withdrawal treatment, and the provider should be notified.

5. A nurse is assessing a postoperative patient for signs of infection. Which finding is most concerning?

• A. Mild redness at the incision site.
• B. Increased drainage from the surgical site.
• C. Fever of 101°F.
• D. Normal white blood cell count.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A fever of 101°F is the most concerning finding when assessing a postoperative patient for signs of infection. Fever can indicate an inflammatory response to an infection, and in a postoperative patient, it can signal a surgical site infection or a systemic infection. Prompt attention is necessary to prevent complications such as sepsis. Mild redness at the incision site and increased drainage can be expected in the early postoperative period due to the normal healing process. A normal white blood cell count does not rule out infection as it can be influenced by various factors, and some infections may not initially cause a rise in white blood cells.

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