Nursing Elites

1. A client is experiencing chest pain. Which action should the nurse take first?

• A. Administer aspirin
• B. Provide oxygen
• C. Perform an ECG
• D. Administer nitroglycerin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Administering nitroglycerin is the priority action when a client is experiencing chest pain as it helps alleviate the pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. Oxygen can be beneficial, but nitroglycerin takes precedence in this situation. Aspirin can also be given, but nitroglycerin is the priority. Performing an ECG can provide valuable information but is not the first action to take in this scenario.

2. A patient receiving chemotherapy has developed neutropenia. What should be included in the care plan to reduce infection risk?

• A. Monitor temperature daily
• B. Limit visitors
• C. Administer antibiotics prophylactically
• D. Use reverse isolation precautions

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a patient receiving chemotherapy develops neutropenia, the priority is to reduce the risk of infection. Using reverse isolation precautions is crucial in this situation to protect the patient from exposure to pathogens. Monitoring temperature daily (Choice A) is important but is not as effective as isolating the patient. Limiting visitors (Choice B) can help reduce the risk of exposure, but reverse isolation is a more stringent measure. Administering antibiotics prophylactically (Choice C) is not recommended unless there is a specific indication, as it can contribute to antibiotic resistance.

3. The nurse is providing information regarding safety and accidental poisoning to a grandparent who will be taking custody of a 1-year-old grandchild. Which comment by the grandparent will cause the nurse to intervene?

• A. I should call 911 if my grandchild loses consciousness.
• B. Never induce vomiting if my grandchild drinks bleach.
• C. If my grandchild eats a plant, I should provide syrup of ipecac.
• D. The number for poison control is 800-222-1222.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Administering syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended in cases of poisoning. This is because it can lead to complications and is not considered safe. The grandparent should be informed that syrup of ipecac should not be given to a child who has ingested a toxic substance. Choices A, B, and D provide accurate information regarding actions to take in case of poisoning, such as calling 911 if the child loses consciousness, not inducing vomiting if the child drinks bleach, and having the poison control number readily available.

4. A client expresses concern about hair loss during chemotherapy. What should the nurse suggest?

• A. Encourage the client to cut their hair short before chemotherapy begins.
• B. Offer resources for wigs and head coverings.
• C. Assure the client that hair loss will be minimal.
• D. Ignore the client's concerns about hair loss.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During chemotherapy, hair loss is a common side effect. Offering resources for wigs and head coverings can help the client cope with this change in appearance, maintain self-esteem, and feel more comfortable during the process. Encouraging the client to cut their hair short does not address the emotional impact of hair loss and may not be the client's preference. Assuring the client that hair loss will be minimal may provide false hope as significant hair loss is a common occurrence. Ignoring the client's concerns is not appropriate and goes against the principles of providing holistic and compassionate care.

5. A nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin. The nurse should verify which of the following prescriptions with the provider?

• A. Amphotericin B
• B. Amoxicillin-clavulanate
• C. Erythromycin
• D. Gentamicin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Amoxicillin-clavulanate is related to penicillin, and a cross-sensitivity could occur, so the provider should be consulted.

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