Nursing Elites

1. A client expresses concern about hair loss during chemotherapy. What should the nurse suggest?

• A. Encourage the client to cut their hair short before chemotherapy begins.
• B. Offer resources for wigs and head coverings.
• C. Assure the client that hair loss will be minimal.
• D. Ignore the client's concerns about hair loss.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During chemotherapy, hair loss is a common side effect. Offering resources for wigs and head coverings can help the client cope with this change in appearance, maintain self-esteem, and feel more comfortable during the process. Encouraging the client to cut their hair short does not address the emotional impact of hair loss and may not be the client's preference. Assuring the client that hair loss will be minimal may provide false hope as significant hair loss is a common occurrence. Ignoring the client's concerns is not appropriate and goes against the principles of providing holistic and compassionate care.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has compression stockings. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Check the stockings for wrinkles
• B. Apply the stockings while the client is sitting in a chair
• C. Measure the size of the client's foot
• D. Remove the stockings once each day

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to check the stockings for wrinkles. This is important to ensure that the stockings are applied correctly without any folds or wrinkles, which can hinder proper circulation and compression. Option B is incorrect because compression stockings should be applied with the client lying down, not sitting in a chair. Option C is unnecessary as the size of the client's foot is unlikely to change postoperatively. Option D is incorrect as compression stockings are usually worn continuously except for specific care needs.

3. A client has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to prevent infection?

• A. Change the catheter every 72 hours.
• B. Ensure the tubing is unkinked.
• C. Empty the drainage bag every 4 hours.
• D. Hang the drainage bag below the bladder.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to hang the drainage bag below the bladder. This positioning helps prevent backflow of urine, reducing the risk of infection. Changing the catheter every 72 hours is not necessary unless clinically indicated and may increase infection risk by introducing pathogens. Ensuring the tubing is unkinked promotes proper urine flow but does not directly prevent infection. Emptying the drainage bag regularly is important to prevent urinary stasis but does not directly address infection prevention.

4. The nurse is caring for a patient in restraints. Which essential information will the nurse document in the patient's medical record to provide safe care?

• A. Straps with quick-release buckles attached to bed side rails.
• B. Attempts to distract the patient with television are unsuccessful.
• C. Bilateral radial pulses present, 2+, hands warm to the touch.
• D. Released from restraints, active range-of-motion exercises completed.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because documenting bilateral radial pulses being present, 2+, and hands warm to the touch is crucial when caring for a patient in restraints. This information helps in monitoring circulation and assessing the patient's well-being. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not provide essential information related to the patient's safety and well-being while in restraints.

5. A nurse manager of a rural clinic is orienting a new employee. Which of the following information should the nurse include as a characteristic of rural health?

• A. Lower rates of maternal morbidity
• B. Reduced incidence of death from motor-vehicle crashes
• C. Increased rates of chronic illness
• D. More frequent dental preventative care visits

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Increased rates of chronic illness.' Rural areas often face challenges such as limited access to healthcare services, healthcare provider shortages, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle choices that contribute to higher rates of chronic illnesses. Maternal morbidity rates are typically higher in rural areas due to limited access to obstetric care. While rural areas may have fewer motor-vehicle crashes compared to urban areas, the severity of crashes is usually higher due to factors like longer emergency response times. Dental care access can also be limited in rural areas, leading to less frequent preventative care visits.

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