Nursing Elites

1. The healthcare provider is conducting a respiratory assessment and is determining respirations per minute. Which factor(s) generally affect the character of respirations? Select all that apply.

• A. Anxiety
• B. Exercise
• C. Smoking
• D. A, B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct! Anxiety and exercise can significantly alter the character of respirations, increasing the rate and depth. Smoking, while harmful to the respiratory system in the long term, does not directly affect the character of respirations like anxiety and exercise do. Therefore, choices C (Smoking) is incorrect. The correct answer is D (A, B).

2. The nurse is planning to provide education about foods containing thiamine to a group of clients. Which food high in thiamine should the nurse include?

• A. Fish
• B. Pork
• C. Beef
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pork. Pork is high in thiamine, which is important for preventing thiamine deficiency. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system and metabolism. While fish, beef, and eggs are nutritious foods, they are not as high in thiamine as pork. Fish is more commonly known for its omega-3 fatty acids, beef for its iron content, and eggs for being a good source of protein and other nutrients.

3. Which nursing action(s) can result in disciplinary action by state boards of nursing?

• A. Release of client health information to a client’s neighbor
• B. Delegation of a dressing change to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)
• C. Release of client health information to the client’s durable power of attorney
• D. A, B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Disclosing client health information to unauthorized individuals like a client's neighbor (A) and improper delegation of tasks to unlicensed personnel (B) are serious violations of patient confidentiality and safety standards, which can lead to disciplinary action by state boards of nursing. Choice C, releasing client health information to the client's durable power of attorney, is not a violation as it involves sharing information with an authorized individual. Therefore, choices A and B are incorrect, making D the correct answer.

4. Why may patients with hiatal hernia develop anemia?

• A. Iron absorption is reduced
• B. Gastritis may cause bleeding
• C. Iron stores turn over more quickly
• D. Patients have an aversion to foods that are good sources of iron

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gastritis may cause bleeding. In patients with hiatal hernia, gastritis can occur due to the reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus. This gastritis can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding, resulting in anemia. Choice A is incorrect because iron absorption is not necessarily reduced in hiatal hernia. Choice C is incorrect as iron stores turnover rate is not directly related to the development of anemia in this context. Choice D is incorrect as an aversion to iron-rich foods is not a common reason for anemia in patients with hiatal hernia.

5. Before administering an MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine to a 15-month-old, which question should the nurse ask the mother of the child?

• A. “Has your child had any sore throats?”
• B. “Has your child been eating properly?”
• C. “Is your child allergic to any antibiotics?”
• D. “Has your child been exposed to any infections?”

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct question the nurse should ask the mother before administering an MMR vaccine to a 15-month-old is whether the child is allergic to any antibiotics. This is crucial because vaccines like MMR contain components that the child could be allergic to, such as neomycin. Checking for antibiotic allergies is essential to prevent adverse reactions to the vaccine. The other options are less relevant in this context. Asking about sore throats, eating habits, or exposure to infections does not directly impact the administration of the MMR vaccine.

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