a nurse is providing teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further t

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition

1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A. I should elevate the head of my bed while sleeping.
B. I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.
C. I take my time when I am eating.
D. I avoid foods and drinks made with chocolate.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.' Excessive coffee consumption can aggravate gastroesophageal reflux due to its acidic nature. Choices A, C, and D are all appropriate self-care measures for managing gastroesophageal reflux. Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping helps prevent acid reflux, eating slowly can reduce reflux episodes, and avoiding trigger foods like chocolate can help alleviate symptoms.

2. What is the major diet-derived antioxidant found in cell membranes?

A. B12
B. beta-carotene
C. vitamin E
D. vitamin A

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is vitamin E. Vitamin E is the major antioxidant found in cell membranes, where it plays a crucial role in protecting them from oxidative damage. Although B12, beta-carotene, and vitamin A are important nutrients with specific functions in the body, they are not the primary antioxidants found in cell membranes. Vitamin E specifically localizes in cell membranes to neutralize free radicals and prevent lipid peroxidation, making it an essential antioxidant for cellular health.

3. Which of the following is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency?

A. Brittle nails
B. Muscle weakness
C. Night blindness
D. Hair loss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Muscle weakness is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, and its deficiency can lead to muscle weakness. Brittle nails (Choice A) are not typically associated with vitamin D deficiency. Night blindness (Choice C) is related to vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency. Hair loss (Choice D) can be linked to various factors, but it is not a common sign of vitamin D deficiency.

4. What dietary strategy would most likely be used as part of lifestyle management to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease?

A. Avoid foods that contain polyunsaturated fat
B. Limit saturated fat to less than 10 percent of total calories
C. Limit alcohol intake to one drink daily for women and two drinks daily for men
D. Avoid consumption of fish and shellfish

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Limiting alcohol intake is part of a strategy to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by avoiding the negative cardiovascular effects associated with excessive alcohol consumption.

5. What chronic disease has been associated with increased risks of dental problems?

A. diabetes mellitus
B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C. Addison's disease
D. asthma

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of dental problems, including gum disease and tooth loss, due to high blood sugar levels. While chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Addison's disease, and asthma may have oral health implications, diabetes mellitus is specifically known for its strong association with dental issues.