a nurse is providing teaching to a client who is starting therapy with metformin which of the following instructions should the nurse include

ATI RN

ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019

1. A client is starting therapy with Metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Take this medication with your first bite of food.
B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
C. Take this medication before bedtime.
D. Take this medication every other day.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Metformin should be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects and ensure better absorption. Instructing the client to take the medication with the first bite of food helps in achieving optimal effectiveness and minimizes the risk of side effects like nausea or upset stomach. Choice B is incorrect because taking Metformin on an empty stomach can lead to increased gastrointestinal side effects. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific timing requirement for taking Metformin before bedtime. Choice D is incorrect as Metformin is usually taken daily, not every other day.

2. A client has a new prescription for Clozapine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. You should have a high-carbohydrate snack between meals and at bedtime.
B. You are likely to develop hand tremors if you take this medication for a long period of time.
C. You may experience temporary numbness of your mouth after each dose.
D. You should have your white blood cell count monitored every week.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Clozapine has a risk for fatal agranulocytosis, making weekly monitoring of the client's white blood cell (WBC) count essential to detect any potential issues early. This monitoring helps in managing the risk and ensuring the client's safety while on clozapine.

3. Which of the following drugs is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

A. Valproic acid
B. Quinidine
C. Isoniazid
D. Ethosuximide

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe skin reaction that can be associated with Ethosuximide.

4. A client has a new prescription for Omeprazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Take this medication before meals.
B. Take this medication with food.
C. Take this medication at bedtime.
D. Take this medication with antacids.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Take this medication before meals.' Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that should be taken before meals to be most effective in reducing stomach acid production. Taking it before meals allows the medication to inhibit the proton pumps in the stomach when they are most active, leading to better control of acid secretion. Choice B is incorrect because taking Omeprazole with food may reduce its effectiveness as food can interfere with its absorption. Choice C is incorrect as Omeprazole is more effective when taken before meals. Choice D is incorrect as Omeprazole should not be taken with antacids as they can reduce its absorption.

5. Which of the following is not a known effect of the drug Clozapine?

A. Agranulocytosis
B. Antipsychotic
C. Used for Schizophrenia
D. Hyperactivity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Clozapine is associated with side effects like agranulocytosis (a serious blood condition), sedation (not hyperactivity), and is used as an antipsychotic to treat schizophrenia. Hyperactivity is not a typical effect of Clozapine, making it the correct answer in this context.