ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Test
1. You have to teach ostomy self care to a patient with a colostomy. You tell the patient to measure and cut the wafer:
- A. To the exact size of the stoma.
- B. About 1/16” larger than the stoma.
- C. About 1/8” larger than the stoma.
- D. About 1/4″ larger than the stoma.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The wafer should be measured and cut about 1/8” larger than the stoma to ensure proper fit and prevent skin irritation.
2. Dark, tarry stools indicate bleeding in which location of the GI tract?
- A. Upper colon.
- B. Lower colon.
- C. Upper GI tract.
- D. Small intestine.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dark, tarry stools indicate bleeding in the upper GI tract.
3. Which of the following measures should the nurse focus on for the client with esophageal varices?
- A. Recognizing hemorrhage
- B. Controlling blood pressure
- C. Encouraging nutritional intake
- D. Teaching the client about varices
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary focus for a client with esophageal varices is recognizing hemorrhage because these varices can rupture and cause significant bleeding.
4. Type A chronic gastritis can be distinguished from type B by its ability to:
- A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
- B. Affect only the antrum of the stomach.
- C. Thin the lining of the stomach walls.
- D. Decrease gastric secretions.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Type A chronic gastritis can cause atrophy of the parietal cells, which is a distinguishing feature from type B.
5. The student nurse is preparing a teaching care plan to help improve nutrition in a patient with achalasia. You include which of the following:
- A. Swallow foods while leaning forward.
- B. Omit fluids at mealtimes.
- C. Eat meals sitting upright.
- D. Avoid soft and semisoft foods.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Eating meals while sitting upright helps improve swallowing and prevent complications in patients with achalasia.
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