ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System
1. Which of the following tests can be used to diagnose ulcers?
- A. Abdominal x-ray
- B. Barium swallow
- C. Computed tomography (CT) scan
- D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic test that involves visualizing the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum to diagnose ulcers.
2. A client is to take one daily dose of ranitidine (Zantac) at home to treat her peptic ulcer. The nurse knows that the client understands proper drug administration of ranitidine when she says that she will take the drug at which of the following times?
- A. Before meals
- B. With meals
- C. At bedtime
- D. When pain occurs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Ranitidine (Zantac) is best taken at bedtime to reduce stomach acid production overnight.
3. Claire, a 33 y.o. is on your floor with a possible bowel obstruction. Which intervention is priority for her?
- A. Obtain daily weights.
- B. Measure abdominal girth.
- C. Keep strict intake and output.
- D. Encourage her to increase fluids.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: For a patient with a possible bowel obstruction, measuring abdominal girth is a priority to monitor for signs of worsening obstruction or distention.
4. Which of the following measures should the nurse focus on for the client with esophageal varices?
- A. Recognizing hemorrhage
- B. Controlling blood pressure
- C. Encouraging nutritional intake
- D. Teaching the client about varices
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary focus for a client with esophageal varices is recognizing hemorrhage because these varices can rupture and cause significant bleeding.
5. A client presents to the emergency room, reporting that he has been vomiting every 30 to 40 minutes for the past 8 hours. Frequent vomiting puts him at risk for which of the following?
- A. Metabolic acidosis with hyperkalemia
- B. Metabolic acidosis with hypokalemia
- C. Metabolic alkalosis with hyperkalemia
- D. Metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Frequent vomiting can lead to metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia due to the loss of stomach acid and electrolytes.
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