ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System
1. Which of the following complications is thought to be the most common cause of appendicitis?
- A. A fecalith
- B. Bowel kinking
- C. Internal bowel occlusion
- D. Abdominal bowel swelling
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A fecalith is a hardened stool that can block the appendix, leading to inflammation and infection, which is the most common cause of appendicitis.
2. You are developing a careplan on Sally, a 67 y.o. patient with hepatic encephalopathy. Which of the following do you include?
- A. Administering a lactulose enema as ordered.
- B. Encouraging a protein-rich diet.
- C. Administering sedatives, as necessary.
- D. Encouraging ambulation at least four times a day.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering a lactulose enema as ordered helps reduce ammonia levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
3. A client returns from surgery with a sigmoid colostomy. An ostomy appliance is attached. The priority nursing diagnosis for daily observation and care is:
- A. Diarrhea related to alteration in bowel elimination.
- B. Impaired skin integrity related to seepage.
- C. Impaired nutrition: More than body requirements related to high-fat diet.
- D. Impaired physical mobility related to surgical procedure.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Impaired skin integrity would be the priority nursing diagnosis for daily care of the colostomy because the effluent from the colostomy can be irritating to the skin. Diarrhea isn't a concern at this point. The client will be allowed nothing by mouth until peristalsis returns. The client should get out of bed on the first postoperative day, so mobility shouldn't be a problem.
4. Care for the postoperative client after gastric resection should focus on which of the following problems?
- A. Body image
- B. Nutritional needs
- C. Skin care
- D. Spiritual needs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Postoperative care after gastric resection should focus on the client's nutritional needs to ensure proper healing and recovery.
5. Which of the following tests is most commonly used to diagnose cholecystitis?
- A. Abdominal CT scan
- B. Abdominal ultrasound
- C. Barium swallow
- D. Endoscopy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: An abdominal ultrasound is the most commonly used test to diagnose cholecystitis.
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