ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System
1. Which of the following best describes the method of action of medications, such as ranitidine (Zantac), which are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease?
- A. Neutralize acid
- B. Reduce acid secretions
- C. Stimulate gastrin release
- D. Protect the mucosal barrier
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Medications like ranitidine (Zantac) are H2 receptor antagonists that reduce acid secretions in the stomach, helping to treat peptic ulcer disease.
2. Which of the following symptoms is common with a hiatal hernia?
- A. Left arm pain
- B. Lower back pain
- C. Esophageal reflux
- D. Abdominal cramping
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Esophageal reflux is a common symptom of a hiatal hernia because the hernia can cause stomach acid to move back up into the esophagus.
3. A client is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood and is diagnosed with a bleeding duodenal ulcer. The client develops a sudden, sharp pain in the midepigastric area along with a rigid, boardlike abdomen. These clinical manifestations most likely indicate which of the following?
- A. An intestinal obstruction has developed
- B. Additional ulcers have developed
- C. The esophagus has become inflamed
- D. The ulcer has perforated
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A sudden, sharp pain in the midepigastric area along with a rigid, boardlike abdomen indicates that the ulcer has perforated.
4. The nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client with acute gastritis. Which medication, if noted on the client’s record, would the nurse question?
- A. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- B. Indomethacin (Indocin)
- C. Furosemide (Lasix)
- D. Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Indomethacin (Indocin) is an NSAID that can aggravate acute gastritis and should be questioned.
5. Which of the following symptoms may be exhibited by a client with Crohn’s disease?
- A. Bloody diarrhea
- B. Narrow stools
- C. N/V
- D. Steatorrhea
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Clients with Crohn's disease may exhibit symptoms such as steatorrhea, which is the presence of excess fat in the stool.
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