Nursing Elites

1. Which is described as an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?

• A. Cyst
• B. Papule
• C. Pustule
• D. Vesicle

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A vesicle is an elevated, circumscribed lesion filled with serous fluid, typically less than 1 cm in diameter.

2. What is the purpose of using cimetidine (Tagamet) for gastroesophageal reflux?

• A. The medication reduces gastric acid secretion.
• B. The medication neutralizes the acid in the stomach.
• C. The medication increases the rate of gastric emptying time.
• D. The medication coats the lining of the stomach and esophagus.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cimetidine (Tagamet) is an H2 receptor antagonist that works by reducing gastric acid secretion. This action helps to decrease the acidity in the stomach, which in turn reduces the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Choice B is incorrect because cimetidine does not neutralize acid but rather decreases its production. Choice C is incorrect as cimetidine does not affect the rate of gastric emptying time. Choice D is incorrect as cimetidine does not coat the lining of the stomach and esophagus but instead works to reduce gastric acid secretion.

3. In addition to injuries, what are the leading causes of death in adolescents ages 15 to 19 years?

• A. Suicide and cancer
• B. Suicide and homicide
• C. Drowning and cancer
• D. Homicide and heart disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Suicide and homicide are significant causes of death in adolescents, highlighting the need for mental health and violence prevention programs.

4. The mother of an infant diagnosed with bronchiolitis asks the nurse what causes the disease. How should the nurse respond?

• A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
• B. Haemophilus influenzae
• C. Parainfluenza
• D. Rotavirus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis, especially in infants. Bronchiolitis is characterized by inflammation of the small airways in the lungs. Choice B, Haemophilus influenzae, is a bacterium that can cause respiratory infections but is not the primary cause of bronchiolitis. Choice C, Parainfluenza, is a common viral infection that can cause croup and other respiratory illnesses but is not the main cause of bronchiolitis. Choice D, Rotavirus, is a virus that primarily affects the gastrointestinal system, causing diarrhea and vomiting, and is not associated with bronchiolitis.

5. What is an approximate method of estimating output for a child who is not toilet trained?

• A. Have parents estimate output.
• B. Weigh diapers after each void.
• C. Place a urine collection device on the child.
• D. Have the child sit on a potty chair 30 minutes after eating.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Weighing diapers is the most accurate way to estimate urine output in a child who is not toilet trained. This method provides a measurable and reliable estimate of fluid output.

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