Nursing Elites

1. What is the most appropriate method for assessing a patient's pain level?

• A. Observe the patient's facial expressions.
• B. Use a standardized pain scale, such as 0-10.
• C. Ask the patient to rate their pain based on their mood.
• D. Ask the patient's family members to assess the pain.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate method for assessing a patient's pain level is to use a standardized pain scale, such as a 0-10 scale. This method provides an objective and consistent way to measure and communicate the intensity of pain experienced by the patient. Choice A, observing facial expressions, can be subjective and may not always accurately reflect the level of pain. Choice C, asking the patient to rate their pain based on their mood, may be influenced by various factors unrelated to pain. Choice D, involving the patient's family members in assessing the pain, is not ideal as pain is a subjective experience that should be reported by the patient themselves.

2. Which personality disorder is characterized by disregard for others and manipulative behaviors?

• A. Borderline Personality Disorder
• B. Antisocial Personality Disorder
• C. Histrionic Personality Disorder
• D. Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Antisocial Personality Disorder is the correct answer. This disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Individuals with this disorder often display behaviors such as manipulation, exploitation, and a lack of empathy. Choice A, Borderline Personality Disorder, is characterized by unstable moods, behavior, and relationships. Choice C, Histrionic Personality Disorder, is characterized by attention-seeking behavior and excessive emotions. Choice D, Narcissistic Personality Disorder, is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others.

3. A home health nurse is teaching about chest physiotherapy (CPT) treatments to a client with COPD. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the teaching has been understood?

• A. My coughing will decrease during CPT treatments.
• B. CPT treatments will decrease my respiratory infections.
• C. I will perform postural drainage after eating meals.
• D. CPT treatments will help cure my COPD.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because chest physiotherapy (CPT) helps reduce respiratory infections by loosening mucus in the lungs. Choice A is incorrect because coughing may temporarily increase during CPT treatments as mucus is being cleared. Choice C is incorrect because postural drainage is typically performed before meals. Choice D is incorrect because while CPT can help manage symptoms and improve lung function in COPD, it does not cure the disease.

4. A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Inject at a 90-degree angle
• B. Inject at a 45-degree angle
• C. Massage the injection site after administering
• D. Use a longer needle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to inject enoxaparin subcutaneously at a 45-degree angle. This angle helps ensure proper delivery of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. Option A (Inject at a 90-degree angle) is incorrect because subcutaneous injections are usually given at a shallower angle. Option C (Massage the injection site after administering) is incorrect as massaging the site can cause bruising and should generally be avoided. Option D (Use a longer needle) is incorrect as using a longer needle is unnecessary and may increase the risk of injecting the medication too deeply.

5. A hospice nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of a terminal illness and her family. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Hospice care focuses on providing comfort and symptom management.
• B. The provider will coordinate your health care needs while in hospice.
• C. You do not need to choose a family caregiver before being admitted into a hospice facility.
• D. Hospice care continues to help families with grief after a death occurs.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because hospice care provides ongoing support to families with grief even after a patient's death. Choice A is incorrect because hospice care focuses on providing comfort and symptom management rather than disease treatment and rehabilitation. Choice B is incorrect as the statement does not accurately reflect the role of a hospice provider. Choice C is incorrect; a family caregiver is not a prerequisite for admission into a hospice facility.

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