Nursing Elites

1. What is the main focus of health literacy initiatives?

• A. To promote the use of medical jargon
• B. To improve patient communication skills
• C. To ensure that patients understand their health information
• D. To reduce the use of electronic health records

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main focus of health literacy initiatives is to ensure that patients understand their health information. By improving patient comprehension, individuals can make informed decisions about their health, leading to better health outcomes. Promoting the use of medical jargon would have the opposite effect, making health information less accessible. Improving patient communication skills is important but not the primary focus of health literacy initiatives. Electronic health records are tools for managing health information and not directly related to the main goal of health literacy initiatives.

2. Organizations are made up of intertwined links and diversified choices that generate unanticipated consequences. This defines which of the following theories?

• A. Contingency theory
• B. Closed system theory
• C. Open system theory
• D. Chaos theory

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Chaos theory. Chaos theory is characterized by organizations that are made up of intertwined links and diversified choices that generate unanticipated consequences. Contingency theory (choice A) is based on the idea that there is no one best way to organize and manage a corporation. Closed system theory (choice B) refers to systems that are closed off from the outside environment and do not interact with it. Open system theory (choice C) views organizations as open systems that interact with their external environment.

3. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional instruction in administering insulin?

• A. 'I need to rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day.'
• B. 'I can buy the 0.5 mL syringes because the line markings will be easier to see.'
• C. 'I should draw up the regular insulin first after injecting air into the NPH bottle.'
• D. 'I do not need to aspirate the plunger to check for blood before injecting insulin.'

Correct answer: A

Rationale: This statement indicates a need for additional instruction because while site rotation is essential, it's important to rotate sites within the same anatomical region (such as staying within the abdomen for several injections before moving to a different region). Rotating too frequently between different regions can cause inconsistent insulin absorption, which can affect blood sugar control.

4. As the definition of nursing evolved, which of the following nurse theorists focused on the uniqueness of nursing?

• A. Florence Nightingale
• B. Virginia Henderson
• C. Martha Rogers
• D. Abraham Maslow

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Virginia Henderson�s definition of nursing focused on its uniqueness.

5. Which of the following is a key principle of the patient-centered care model?

• A. Healthcare provider satisfaction
• B. Cost reduction
• C. Patient autonomy
• D. Provider convenience

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Patient autonomy. Patient-centered care focuses on respecting and responding to patient preferences and needs, making patient autonomy a key principle. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the patient-centered care model prioritizes the patient's well-being and involvement in decision-making over healthcare provider satisfaction, cost reduction, or provider convenience.

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