Nursing Elites

1. What is the likely reason that a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) would succumb to pneumonia while a healthy person exposed to the same infection did not?

• A. The client with AIDS is a susceptible host
• B. The client with AIDS has greater immune defenses
• C. The client with AIDS was not as careful
• D. The client with AIDS has more portals of entry

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. A client does not understand why vision loss due to glaucoma is irreversible. What is the nurse's best explanation?

• A. Once retinal detachment occurs, it does not return to its normal state
• B. Once the tissue has necrosed from high-pressure, it does not regenerate
• C. Glaucoma always leads to permanent blindness
• D. Once bacterial infection has caused damage, the tissue does not regenerate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct explanation for irreversible vision loss in glaucoma is that once the tissue has necrosed from high pressure, it does not regenerate. This necrosis occurs due to the damage caused by increased intraocular pressure, which leads to irreversible damage to the optic nerve and retinal tissue. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the specific mechanism of irreversible vision loss in glaucoma, which is necrosis due to high pressure.

3. The nurse suspects a 3-year-old who is coughing vigorously has aspirated a small object. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Deliver upward abdominal thrusts with a fisted hand
• B. Perform a blind finger sweep of the child's mouth
• C. Complete five rapid back blows between the shoulder blades
• D. Encourage the child to continue coughing

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

4. A wound has a blood-tinged liquid that is dripping from the surgical site. How does the nurse document this finding?

• A. Creamy pus
• B. Serous
• C. Serosanguineous
• D. Purulent exudate

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

5. What is a classic symptom assessed in clients with lupus?

• A. Butterfly rash
• B. Chvostek's sign
• C. Ovid's sign
• D. Heberden's nodes

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

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