Nursing Elites

1. To prevent injury and strain on the muscles, the nurse should observe proper body mechanics. Among the following, which is a principle of proper body mechanics?

• A. Broaden the space between the feet
• B. Push instead of pull
• C. Move the object away from the body when lifting
• D. Bend at the waist, not on the knees

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

2. Uric acid kidney stones are most commonly associated with what condition?

• A. diabetes
• B. hypercalcemia
• C. gout
• D. diarrhea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gout is a condition characterized by high levels of uric acid, which can lead to the formation of uric acid kidney stones due to the crystallization of uric acid in the kidneys.

3. For patients with anemia, which vitamin is crucial for the absorption of iron?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C enhances the absorption of non-heme iron, which is crucial for patients with anemia. Vitamin A (Choice A) is not directly involved in iron absorption. Vitamin D (Choice C) helps with calcium absorption, not iron. Vitamin E (Choice D) does not have a significant role in iron absorption.

4. How many calories are contained in a food that has 15 grams of carbohydrates, 4 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat?

• A. 106
• B. 124
• C. 166
• D. 202

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To calculate the total calories in a food item, you can use the following conversions: every 1 gram of carbohydrate provides 4 calories, 1 gram of protein provides 4 calories, and 1 gram of fat provides 9 calories. Therefore, for this food item, multiply 15 grams of carbohydrates by 4 calories/gram, 4 grams of protein by 4 calories/gram, and 10 grams of fat by 9 calories/gram. The calculation would be (15 * 4) + (4 * 4) + (10 * 9) = 60 + 16 + 90 = 166 calories. Choice A (106) is incorrect because it does not consider the calories from fat. Choice B (124) is incorrect as it underestimates the calories by not including all macronutrients. Choice D (202) is incorrect as it overestimates the calories by adding up the values incorrectly.

5. A fire has broken in the unit of DMLM R.N. The best leadership style suited in cases of emergencies like this is:

• A. Autocratic
• B. Participative
• C. Democratic
• D. Laissez Faire

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

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