Nursing Elites

1. The recommended daily fluid intake of patients maintained using hemodialysis is:

• A. 150 mL plus the volume of urinary output
• B. 500 mL plus the volume of urinary output
• C. 1000 mL plus the volume of urinary output
• D. 1500 mL plus the volume of urinary output

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 1000 mL plus the volume of urinary output. Fluid intake is typically restricted in hemodialysis patients to prevent fluid overload. The recommended daily fluid intake for these patients is 1000 mL plus any urinary output. Choice A (150 mL plus the volume of urinary output) is too low and would not provide enough fluid for these patients. Choice B (500 mL plus the volume of urinary output) is also insufficient. Choice D (1500 mL plus the volume of urinary output) is too high and may lead to fluid overload in hemodialysis patients.

2. Maria’s statement “Bow down before me! I am the holy mother of Christ! I am the blessed Virgin Mary!” is an example of:

• A. Delusion of grandeur
• B. Visual Hallucination
• C. Religious delusion
• D. Auditory Hallcucination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. Mang David, A 27 year old psychiatric client was admitted with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. During the morning assessment, Mang David shouted “Did you know that I am the top salesman in the world? Different companies want me!” As a nurse, you know that this is an example of:

• A. Hallucination
• B. Delusion
• C. Confabulation
• D. Flight of Ideas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. What is a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency?

• A. Hair loss
• B. Night blindness
• C. Bone pain
• D. Rashes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone pain. Vitamin D deficiency often leads to bone pain and weakness as it plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health by aiding in the absorption of calcium. Hair loss (choice A) is not a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency. Night blindness (choice B) is typically associated with vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency. Rashes (choice D) are not a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency.

5. Which of the following nutrients deficiency may lead to a diabetes-like condition?

• A. chromium
• B. iron
• C. molybdenum
• D. selenium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Chromium is essential for proper glucose metabolism. A deficiency in chromium can result in insulin resistance, which shares similarities with diabetes. Iron, molybdenum, and selenium deficiencies do not directly lead to a diabetes-like condition. Iron deficiency causes anemia, molybdenum deficiency is rare and can lead to specific metabolic issues, and selenium deficiency may result in thyroid problems but not a diabetes-like condition.

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