Nursing Elites

1. The parents of a 12-month-old child ask the nurse if the child can eat hot dogs as do their other children. The nurse’s reply should be based on what?

• A. The child is too young to digest hot dogs.
• B. The child is too young to eat hot dogs safely.
• C. Hot dogs must be sliced into sections to prevent aspiration.
• D. Hot dogs must be cut into small, irregular pieces to prevent aspiration.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cutting hot dogs into small, irregular pieces reduces the risk of aspiration, which is a significant choking hazard for young children.

2. The mother of a 3-month-old breastfed infant asks about giving her baby water because it is summer and very warm. What should the nurse tell her?

• A. Fluids in addition to breast milk are not needed.
• B. Water should be given if the infant seems to nurse longer than usual.
• C. Clear juices are better than water to promote adequate fluid intake.
• D. Water once or twice a day will make up for losses resulting from environmental temperature.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Breast milk provides adequate hydration, even in warm weather, so additional fluids like water are not necessary and can interfere with breastfeeding.

3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?

• A. Using information in textbooks to guide care
• B. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition
• C. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision-making
• D. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child’s health and family situation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves gathering and integrating all relevant evidence to guide clinical decision-making, ensuring that care is based on the best available research.

4. The nurse is interviewing the mother of an infant. The mother reports, "I had a difficult delivery, and my baby was born prematurely." This information should be recorded under which heading?

• A. History
• B. Present illness
• C. Chief complaint
• D. Review of systems

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The history section of the health record includes details about pregnancy, labor, and delivery, as these factors can have significant implications for the child's health.

5. When describing play by the school-aged child to a group of nursing students, the instructor would emphasize the need for which of the following?

• A. Recreation
• B. Ritualism
• C. Physical activity
• D. Rules

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rules. When discussing play in school-aged children, rules are essential as they help in structuring games and social interactions. Rules provide a framework for play, ensuring fairness and cooperation among children. Choice A, recreation, is too broad and doesn't specifically address the importance of rules in play. Choice B, ritualism, is unrelated to the concept of play in school-aged children. Choice C, physical activity, is important for overall health but doesn't capture the specific aspect of rules that are crucial in the play of school-aged children.

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