Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is discussing home care with a mother whose 6-year-old child has hepatitis A. What information should the nurse include?

• A. Advise bed rest until 1 week after the icteric phase.
• B. Teach infection control measures to family members.
• C. Inform the mother that the child cannot return to school until 3 weeks after onset of jaundice.
• D. Reassure the mother that hepatitis A cannot be transmitted to other family members.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Teaching infection control measures is crucial as Hepatitis A is highly contagious, especially in household settings. Proper hand hygiene and avoiding sharing personal items can prevent the spread of the virus within the family. Option A is incorrect because bed rest is not typically required for hepatitis A. Option C is incorrect as the child can return to school once feeling well and no longer contagious, not necessarily after a specific duration. Option D is incorrect because hepatitis A can be transmitted through contaminated food, water, or close personal contact.

2. In teaching the parent of a newly diagnosed 2-year-old child with pyelonephritis related to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the nurse should include which information?

• A. Limit fluids to reduce reflux.
• B. Give cranberry juice twice a day.
• C. Have siblings examined for VUR.
• D. Surgery is indicated to reverse scarring.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Siblings should be examined for VUR as it can run in families, and early detection can prevent complications. Limiting fluids is not advisable, and cranberry juice is not effective in preventing VUR. Surgery is usually not indicated for scarring reversal.

3. The nurse is teaching a child experiencing severe edema associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome about his diet. The nurse should discuss what dietary need?

• A. Consuming a regular diet
• B. Increasing protein
• C. Restricting fluids
• D. Decreasing calories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fluid restriction is often necessary to manage severe edema associated with MCNS. Increasing protein is not typically recommended due to the risk of exacerbating proteinuria, and calorie reduction is not generally needed.

4. The nurse is reviewing the Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators for a child health promotion program. Which are included in the leading health indicators? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Decrease tobacco use
• B. Improve immunization rates
• C. All are applicable
• D. Increase access to health care

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Healthy People 2020 focuses on decreasing tobacco use, improving immunization rates, and increasing access to healthcare among its leading health indicators.

5. The nurse is assessing a child with type 2 diabetes. The child is awake and alert with a serum glucose of 60 mg/dL. What action should the nurse take?

• A. Administer Insulin.
• B. Administer Epinephrine.
• C. Give 15 grams of carbohydrates.
• D. Give glucagon by injection.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: For a conscious child with mild hypoglycemia, giving 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates is the appropriate intervention. This can quickly raise blood glucose levels to prevent further complications. Administering insulin (Choice A) would further lower the glucose level, which is not suitable in this scenario. Administering epinephrine (Choice B) is not indicated for hypoglycemia. Glucagon (Choice D) is used for severe hypoglycemia with altered consciousness, not for mild cases where the child is awake and alert.

Similar Questions