Nursing Elites

1. What is the main force that pushes fluid in blood capillaries?

• A. Blood pressure.
• B. Sodium in the blood plasma.
• C. Sodium in the interstitial fluid.
• D. Protein in the blood plasma.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, blood pressure. Blood pressure is the primary force that pushes fluid out of the capillaries into the surrounding tissues. This pressure difference is essential for the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products between the blood and tissues. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the primary force responsible for pushing fluid in blood capillaries.

2. A female patient is discharged from the hospital after having an episode of heart failure. She's prescribed daily oral doses of digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). Two days later, she tells her community health nurse that she feels weak and her heart 'flutters' frequently. What action should the nurse take?

• A. Tell the patient to rest more often.
• B. Tell the patient to stop taking the digoxin and call the physician.
• C. Call the physician, report the symptoms, and request to draw a blood sample to determine the patient's potassium level.
• D. Tell the patient to avoid foods that contain caffeine.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to call the physician, report the symptoms, and request to draw a blood sample to determine the patient's potassium level. Furosemide is a potassium-wasting diuretic, and low potassium levels can lead to weakness and palpitations. Resting more often won't address the underlying issue of hypokalemia caused by furosemide. While digoxin can have side effects, it is not causing the symptoms described by the patient. Avoiding caffeine may be beneficial, but addressing the potassium level is more critical in this situation.

3. What is the fluid inside the cell called?

• A. Plasma
• B. Intracellular fluid
• C. Interstitial fluid
• D. Plasma and intracellular fluid

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Intracellular fluid.' Intracellular fluid refers to the fluid contained within the cells, constituting a significant portion of the body's total water content. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Plasma is the liquid component of blood outside the cells, interstitial fluid is the fluid surrounding cells in tissues, and the combination of plasma and intracellular fluid is not the specific term for the fluid inside the cell.

4. . A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus who is admitted with an acid-base imbalance. The clients arterial blood gas values are pH 7.36, PaO2 98 mm Hg, PaCO2 33 mm Hg, and HCO3 18 mEq/L. Which manifestation should the nurse identify as an exam

• A. Increased rate and depth of respirations
• B. ncreased urinary output
• C. Increased thirst and hunger
• D. ncreased release of acids from the kidneys

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

5. A medical-surgical nurse is concerned about the incidence of complications related to IV therapy, including bloodstream infection. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to the management team to make the biggest impact on decreasing complications

• A. Initiate a dedicated team to insert access devices
• B. . Require additional education for all nurses.
• C. Limit the use of peripheral venous access devices.
• D. Perform quality control testing on skin preparation products.

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

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