studies suggest that leukoplakia is caused by excess vitamin a a fat soluble vitamin retinoids and beta carotene leukoplakia is an erythematous lesion
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam

1. Studies suggest that leukoplakia is resolved by excess vitamin A (a fat-soluble vitamin), retinoids, and beta-carotene. Leukoplakia is a white plaque that forms on oral mucous membranes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Both statements are false. Studies suggest that leukoplakia, a white plaque that forms on oral mucous membranes, can be resolved by vitamin A, retinoids, and beta-carotene. Despite the potential to resolve leukoplakia, relapse is common. Also pertinent, evidence does not indicate that any of these nutrients prevent malignant transformation. The extract provided clarifies that leukoplakia is a white plaque, not an erythematous lesion, and that vitamin A, retinoids, and beta-carotene can help resolve it.

2. Which is NOT a prudent recommendation for a menopausal patient?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Excessive supplementation of calcium and vitamin D beyond the upper intake level is not recommended unless under medical supervision, as it can cause adverse health effects.

3. Each statement is true of swallowing and processing food, except one. Which is the exception?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The bolus is not transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity, but by peristalsis. Peristalsis is the involuntary constriction and relaxation of muscles to push the bolus through the digestive system. Choices A, B, and D are correct statements. A bolus is indeed a mass of food, the swallowing reflex does move the bolus into the esophagus, and the bolus does not penetrate the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus; instead, it enters the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter.

4. What type of drug is lamivudine, used for the management of HIV infection?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lamivudine belongs to the class of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), making choice C the correct answer. NRTIs like lamivudine work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, an essential component for the HIV virus to replicate. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because lamivudine does not function as a CCR5 antagonist, fusion inhibitor, or protease inhibitor in the management of HIV infection.

5. Low levels of physical activity are more commonly associated with which type of cancer?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Low physical activity is most strongly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. Regular exercise helps regulate bowel movements and reduce inflammation, which are factors that can contribute to the development of colon cancer. Esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer are not as directly linked to low levels of physical activity.

Similar Questions

Each statement is true of proteins, except one. Which is the exception?
For patients with hypertension, which dietary change is most recommended?
Mario listens to Richard’s bilateral sounds and finds that congestion is in the upper lobes of the lungs. The appropriate position to drain the anterior and posterior apical segments of the lungs when Mario does percussion would be:
What does oliguria lead to in patients with acute kidney injury?
The mechanism behind most CKD in patients without diabetes is mediated by:

Access More Features

ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses