Nursing Elites

1. Selye's stress theory explains that a person stressed for long periods of time will:

• A. Face exhaustion and be more susceptible to illnesses.
• B. Become fatigued and become stronger.
• C. Become more assertive.
• D. Safety needs.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Selye's stress theory posits that individuals experiencing prolonged stress are likely to face exhaustion and become more susceptible to illnesses. This is because the body's response to chronic stress can lead to physical and psychological depletion, increasing the risk of health problems. Choice B is incorrect as becoming stronger is not a typical outcome of prolonged stress according to Selye's theory. Choice C, becoming more assertive, is not directly related to the physical implications of chronic stress. Choice D, safety needs, is unrelated to Selye's stress theory and does not reflect the expected outcomes of prolonged stress.

2. The nurse is preparing to teach a 43-year-old man who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes about home management of the disease. Which action should the nurse take first?

• A. Ask the patient�s family to participate in the diabetes education program.
• B. Assess the patient�s perception of what it means to have diabetes mellitus.
• C. Demonstrate how to check glucose using capillary blood glucose monitoring.
• D. Discuss the need for the patient to actively participate in diabetes management.

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

3. A nurse is evaluating teaching for a client who has heart failure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I am limiting my sodium intake to 2 grams daily.
• B. I have been weighing myself every other morning.
• C. I am trying to decrease my intake of foods with potassium.
• D. I am eating fewer potato chips and more fruit for snacks.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Limiting sodium intake is crucial for clients with heart failure to manage their condition effectively. Excessive sodium can lead to fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms. Weighing oneself is important for monitoring fluid retention but does not directly show an understanding of dietary restrictions. Decreasing potassium intake is not typically recommended for heart failure clients unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider. While choosing healthier snacks is beneficial, the focus on sodium intake is more critical for heart failure management.

4. Behavioral leadership theory recognizes three styles of leadership. Which of the following best describes democratic leadership?

• A. The democratic leader communicates meaning and purpose.
• B. The democratic leader gives orders and makes decisions for the group.
• C. The democratic leader does little planning or decision making.
• D. The democratic leader makes plans and decisions with the team.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Democratic leadership involves the leader working collaboratively with the team to make plans and decisions. This style values input from team members, encourages participation in the decision-making process, and fosters a sense of ownership among the team. Choice A is incorrect because simply communicating meaning and purpose does not capture the essence of democratic leadership. Choice B is incorrect as giving orders and making decisions for the group is more characteristic of an autocratic leadership style. Choice C is incorrect as democratic leaders are actively involved in planning and decision-making processes, contrary to doing little of it.

5. If a task is delegated to someone, they need to be granted the ___________ to complete the task.

• A. Authority
• B. Planning
• C. Organizing
• D. Controlling

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: Authority When a task is delegated, it is essential to grant the individual the authority to complete it. Authority refers to the power or right to give commands, make decisions, and enforce obedience. Planning (choice B), organizing (choice C), and controlling (choice D) are important aspects of management but do not directly address the need for authorization to carry out a delegated task.

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