primary bacteria involved in initiation of dental caries are
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam

1. Which of the following are the primary bacteria involved in the initiation of dental caries?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species. These bacteria are primarily responsible for initiating dental caries by fermenting carbohydrates and producing acids that demineralize enamel. Choice B, Salmonella and Listeria species, are not the primary bacteria involved in dental caries. Choice C includes Salmonella which is not a primary culprit in dental caries. Choice D lists Listeria, Botulinum species, and Escherichia coli, none of which are the primary bacteria associated with initiating dental caries.

2. he can be expected to:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. Which food item should be recommended to prevent choking in toddlers?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Banana slices are less likely to cause choking compared to other options.

4. Because of increasing cases of fluorosis, low levels of fluoride are added to commercial infant formula. Breast milk provides low levels of fluoride.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The first statement is false; fluoride is not added to infant formulas due to the risk of fluorosis. The second statement is true; breast milk contains low levels of fluoride.

5. What is the most common type of kidney stone?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most common type of kidney stone is calcium-based, specifically calcium oxalate. This is usually due to high calcium levels in the urine, which can be caused by dietary factors or certain metabolic disorders. Cystine stones, on the other hand, are less common and occur in individuals with a hereditary disorder leading to excessive excretion of certain amino acids. Struvite stones are often formed in response to an infection. Uric acid stones may occur in individuals who do not consume sufficient fluids or who lose too much fluid, among other factors. Therefore, while all these substances can form stones in the kidneys, calcium stones are the most common.

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