Nursing Elites

1. Maternal malnutrition at a critical period of development may have lifelong effects on an individual's pattern of genetic expression and on the tendency to develop obesity, which is a concept known as _____.

• A. genetic determination
• B. metabolic tolerance
• C. chromosomal influence
• D. fetal programming

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fetal programming refers to the concept that maternal nutrition during critical periods of development can have long-term effects on an individual's health and risk of diseases like obesity.

2. You would expect that after an abdominal perineal resection, the type of colostomy that will be use is?

• A. Double barrel colostomy
• B. Temporary colostomy
• C. Permanent colostomy
• D. An Ileostomy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. Is it a good idea for an athlete to eliminate all fat from his diet in order to stay lean?

• A. yes, because dietary fat is stored easily in fat cells and can't be used for energy
• B. no, because fats provide energy during prolonged exercise
• C. yes, because fat is stored under the skin and causes the body to overheat
• D. no, because excess fat is converted to glycogen and stored in the muscles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fat is an essential energy source during prolonged exercise, so eliminating it entirely from the diet is not advisable for athletes.

4. A nurse is providing nutritional education to a client who is obese. The nurse should include in the information that which of the following gastrointestinal disorders is commonly associated with obesity?

• A. Peptic ulcer disease
• B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• C. Celiac disease
• D. Crohn’s disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly associated with obesity due to increased abdominal pressure and other factors. Peptic ulcer disease (Choice A) is not commonly associated with obesity. Celiac disease (Choice C) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten consumption and is not directly linked to obesity. Crohn’s disease (Choice D) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease and is not specifically associated with obesity.

5. A healthcare provider is evaluating a client who reports paresthesia of the hands and feet. The provider should identify this manifestation as an indication of which of the following dietary deficiencies?

• A. Iron
• B. Riboflavin
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct! Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to neurological symptoms, including paresthesia (tingling or numbness) of the hands and feet, due to its role in nerve health. Iron deficiency is more commonly associated with anemia symptoms like fatigue and pallor. Riboflavin deficiency can cause mouth and skin changes. Vitamin C deficiency is linked to scurvy symptoms like bleeding gums and easy bruising.

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