Nursing Elites

1. In managing a patient with anorexia nervosa, which initial treatment goal is most important?

• A. Addressing distorted body image
• B. Restoring nutritional status
• C. Resolving family conflicts
• D. Increasing social interactions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most crucial initial treatment goal for anorexia nervosa is restoring nutritional status. This is essential to prevent life-threatening complications associated with severe malnutrition, such as organ damage and cardiac issues. Addressing distorted body image, resolving family conflicts, and increasing social interactions are important aspects of treatment, but they are secondary to the critical need of restoring the patient's nutritional status to ensure their physical well-being and recovery.

2. While auditing care plans for clients with eating disorders, the nurse realizes that a nursing diagnosis appropriate for a client with anorexia nervosa as well as for a client with bulimia nervosa is

• A. Risk for imbalanced body temperature
• B. Ineffective denial
• C. Chronic low self-esteem
• D. Adult failure to thrive

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Chronic low self-esteem is a nursing diagnosis that can be applicable to clients with both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. These eating disorders are often associated with distorted body image, feelings of inadequacy, and low self-esteem. Clients with these conditions may engage in harmful behaviors related to their self-image, making chronic low self-esteem a relevant nursing diagnosis for them.

3. Which therapeutic approach is considered most effective for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

• A. Cognitive processing therapy
• B. Psychoanalysis
• C. Medication management
• D. Group therapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Cognitive processing therapy is a specialized form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that has been shown to be highly effective in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This therapy focuses on helping individuals process and make sense of their traumatic experiences, leading to symptom reduction and improved coping mechanisms. Psychoanalysis, medication management, and group therapy can be beneficial in some cases, but cognitive processing therapy is specifically tailored for addressing the symptoms and underlying causes of PTSD. Psychoanalysis may not be as effective for PTSD due to its focus on unconscious conflicts rather than trauma processing. Medication management can be useful as an adjunct to therapy but does not address the core issues of PTSD. Group therapy can provide support but may not offer the individualized approach that cognitive processing therapy provides.

4. A student finds that they come down with a sinus infection toward the end of every semester. When this occurs, which stage of stress is the student most likely experiencing?

• A. Alarm reaction stage
• B. Stage of resistance
• C. Stage of exhaustion
• D. Fight-or-flight stage

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The student is most likely experiencing the stage of exhaustion. In this stage, the body's exposure to stress has been prolonged, and adaptive energy has been depleted. As a result, diseases of adaptation, such as the recurrent sinus infection in this case, are more likely to occur. The alarm reaction stage is the initial stage of the stress response, where the body perceives a threat and activates the fight-or-flight response. The stage of resistance is when the body tries to adapt and cope with the stressor. The fight-or-flight response is the immediate reaction to a perceived threat, involving physiological changes to prepare the body to either fight the stressor or flee from it.

5. While assessing a distraught female high school student who is overly concerned because her parents can't afford horseback riding lessons, how should the nurse interpret the student's reaction to her perceived problem?

• A. The problem is endangering her well-being.
• B. The problem is personally relevant to her.
• C. The problem is based on immaturity.
• D. The problem is exceeding her capacity to cope.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the student being overly concerned about not being able to afford horseback riding lessons indicates that the problem is personally relevant to her. Psychological stressors related to self-esteem and self-image are influenced by how an individual perceives a situation or event. Adolescents, in particular, place significance on self-image and feeling entitled to experiences that other adolescents have, which can lead to distress when such desires are not met. Choice A is incorrect because there is no indication that the student's physical well-being is at risk. Choice C is incorrect as it simplifies the issue by attributing it solely to immaturity. Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence provided that the problem is beyond the student's coping abilities.

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