Nursing Elites

1. In an extreme situation and when no other resident or intern is available, should a nurse receive telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within:

• A. 24 hours
• B. 36 hours
• C. 48 hours
• D. 12 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In an extreme situation where no other resident or intern is available, if a nurse receives telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within 36 hours. This time frame ensures timely documentation and validation of the orders. Choice A (24 hours) is too short a period for busy physicians to fulfill the task. Choice C (48 hours) is too long and delays the incorporation of physician orders into the patient's care plan. Choice D (12 hours) may not provide enough time for the physician to review and sign the order, especially in situations where immediate attention is not required.

2. Does taste perception decline with age, and are individuals taking three or more medications likely to have less taste sensitivity, requiring greater amounts of sodium and sugar to perceive these tastes?

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are indeed true. As people age, their taste perception tends to decline. This change can be further exacerbated by the use of multiple medications, which can potentially dull taste sensitivity even more. Consequently, these individuals often need to consume foods with higher levels of sodium and sugar in order to perceive these tastes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they deny either one or both of these established facts.

3. According to the DASH Eating Plan, Carmen's daily sodium intake should not exceed how many milligrams to ensure the plan's effectiveness?

• A. 1000 milligrams
• B. 2500 milligrams
• C. 3000 milligrams
• D. 1500 milligrams

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The DASH Eating Plan is designed to lower blood pressure and is most effective when daily sodium intake is limited to 1500 milligrams or less. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer. Choices A (1000 milligrams), B (2500 milligrams), and C (3000 milligrams) are incorrect because they either fall below or exceed the recommended daily sodium intake for the DASH Eating Plan.

4. Which of the following is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency?

• A. Brittle nails
• B. Muscle weakness
• C. Night blindness
• D. Hair loss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Muscle weakness is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, and its deficiency can lead to muscle weakness. Brittle nails (Choice A) are not typically associated with vitamin D deficiency. Night blindness (Choice C) is related to vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency. Hair loss (Choice D) can be linked to various factors, but it is not a common sign of vitamin D deficiency.

5. A caregiver is teaching a parent about recommended protein intake for a toddler. Which of the following food selections is equivalent to 1 oz of protein?

• A. 2 tbsp peanut butter
• B. ½ cup peas
• C. 1 slice of bread
• D. 1 scrambled egg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: One scrambled egg is equivalent to 1 oz of protein, making it a suitable choice for a toddler's diet. A ½ cup of peas (choice B) does not provide 1 oz of protein but is still a good source of protein. 2 tbsp of peanut butter (choice A) contains more than 1 oz of protein. 1 slice of bread (choice C) typically provides less protein than 1 oz.

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