Nursing Elites

1. During nutritional counseling, what is the most important step to take?

• A. Consult the patient's family
• B. Formulate a sample diet plan before presenting it to the patient
• C. Include members of the dental team in the dietary formulation
• D. Include the patient in the formulation of the dietary plan

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During nutritional counseling, the most important step is to include the patient in the formulation of the dietary plan. This ensures their active involvement, understanding, and commitment to the plan, leading to better compliance and success in achieving nutritional goals. Consulting the patient's family (Choice A) may be helpful but should not replace involving the patient directly. Formulating a sample diet plan before presenting it to the patient (Choice B) may not align with the patient's preferences or needs. Including members of the dental team in the dietary formulation (Choice C) may not be necessary unless specific dental concerns need to be addressed.

2. Each is a physiologic role of vitamin D, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Hematopoiesis
• B. Cardiac and neuromuscular function
• C. Immune responses
• D. Serum calcium regulation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Hematopoiesis. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in regulating serum calcium levels, which is essential for maintaining cardiac and neuromuscular function. Additionally, vitamin D is involved in modulating immune responses. However, hematopoiesis, the formation of red blood cells, is not a direct physiologic role of vitamin D. Therefore, hematopoiesis is the exception among the listed functions of vitamin D.

3. Which nursing diagnosis has nutritional implications?

• A. impaired dentition
• B. disruption of gas exchange
• C. self-esteem disturbance
• D. sleep pattern disturbance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Impaired dentition affects a patient's ability to chew and consume a variety of foods, leading to potential nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition.

4. A dietitian tells you that you are not consuming enough calories. Which of the following nutrients could you add to your diet to increase your energy intake?

• A. fiber
• B. water
• C. protein
• D. vitamins

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Protein provides 4 kcal per gram, making it a good source of energy to increase caloric intake. While fiber and water are important for other aspects of health, they do not provide energy like protein does. Vitamins are essential for various bodily functions but do not contribute directly to caloric intake.

5. Chest x-ray was ordered after thoracentesis. When your client asks what is the reason for another chest x-ray, you will explain:

• A. to rule out pneumothorax
• B. to rule out any possible perforation
• C. to decongest
• D. to rule out any foreign body

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

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