Nursing Elites

1. Arthur has a family history of colon cancer and is scheduled to have a sigmoidoscopy. He is crying as he tells you, “I know that I have colon cancer, too.” Which response is most therapeutic?

• A. I know just how you feel.
• B. You seem upset.
• C. Oh, don’t worry about it, everything will be just fine.
• D. Why do you think you have cancer?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acknowledging the patient's emotions with 'You seem upset' is the most therapeutic response.

2. After an abdominal resection for colon cancer, Madeline returns to her room with a Jackson-Pratt drain in place. The purpose of the drain is to:

• A. Irrigate the incision with a saline solution.
• B. Prevent bacterial infection of the incision.
• C. Measure the amount of fluid lost after surgery.
• D. Prevent accumulation of drainage in the wound.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The purpose of the Jackson-Pratt drain is to prevent the accumulation of drainage in the wound after an abdominal resection.

3. In a client with Crohn’s disease, which of the following symptoms should not be a direct result from antibiotic therapy?

• A. Decrease in bleeding
• B. Decrease in temperature
• C. Decrease in body weight
• D. Decrease in the number of stools

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Decrease in body weight is not a direct result of antibiotic therapy but may occur due to the underlying disease process.

4. Which of the following substances is most likely to cause gastritis?

• A. Milk
• B. Bicarbonate of soda or baking soda
• C. Enteric-coated aspirin
• D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are known to cause gastritis by irritating the stomach lining. Choice A, Milk, is unlikely to cause gastritis and is actually a common remedy for mild gastritis symptoms. Choice B, Bicarbonate of soda or baking soda, is often used to relieve heartburn and indigestion, not cause gastritis. Choice C, Enteric-coated aspirin, is less likely to cause gastritis compared to NSAIDs because the enteric coating helps protect the stomach lining from irritation.

5. Which of the following diets is most commonly associated with colon cancer?

• A. Low-fiber, high fat
• B. Low-fat, high-fiber
• C. Low-protein, high-carbohydrate
• D. Low carbohydrate, high protein

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A low-fiber, high-fat diet is most commonly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.

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