Nursing Elites

1. In which of the following conditions does a person need to sit, stand, or use multiple pillows when lying down?

• A. Orthopnea
• B. Dyspnea
• C. Eupnea
• D. Apnea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Orthopnea. Orthopnea is a medical condition in which a person has difficulty breathing while lying down. To alleviate this difficulty, the person may need to sit, stand, or use multiple pillows. On the other hand, Dyspnea refers to general shortness of breath which is not specifically related to the position of the body. Eupnea is the term for normal, unlabored breathing, and Apnea is a condition characterized by the cessation of breathing. Thus, none of these other choices directly relate to the need to adjust body position or use aids like multiple pillows to breathe comfortably when lying down.

2. This quality is being demonstrated by a Nurse who raise the side rails of a confused and disoriented patient?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Responsibility
• C. Prudence
• D. Resourcefulness

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. A multivitamin supplement containing folic acid is recommended for all young women because of the number of unintentional pregnancies in women 15 to 24 years old.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. A multivitamin with folic acid is recommended for young women due to the high incidence of unplanned pregnancies in this age group.

4. Match the energy-yielding nutrient to the amount of energy it provides to the body: Carbs, Fats, Proteins.

• A. Carbs - 4kcal/g
• B. Fats - 9kcal/g
• C. Proteins - 4kcal/g
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, All of the above. Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal per gram, while fats provide 9 kcal per gram. Therefore, all three energy-yielding nutrients provide different amounts of energy to the body. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because each of them individually provides a specific amount of energy per gram, but when considering all nutrients together, they collectively cover the spectrum of energy provision to the body.

5. A vegan patient might be at risk for deficiency in which of the following nutrients?

• A. Vitamin B12
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Carbohydrates
• D. Fiber

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, so individuals following a vegan diet are at risk of deficiency as they do not consume these sources. Vitamin C, Carbohydrates, and Fiber are not specifically at risk for deficiency in vegan diets as they can be obtained from plant-based sources.

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