a patient with a longstanding diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the emergency room the triage nurse notes upon assessment that the

ATI RN

ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

1. A patient with a longstanding diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the emergency room. The triage nurse notes upon assessment that the patient is hyperventilating. The triage nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause

A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Increased PaCO2
D. CNS disturbances

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

2. A patient's most recent laboratory results show a slight decrease in potassium. The physician has opted to forego drug therapy but has suggested increasing the patient's dietary intake of potassium. Which of the following would be a good source of potassium?

A. Apples
B. Asparagus
C. Carrots
D. Bananas

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Bananas are an excellent source of potassium. They are a popular choice for increasing dietary potassium intake due to their rich potassium content. Apples, asparagus, and carrots do not contain as high levels of potassium as bananas. While these fruits and vegetables are nutritious, they are not as effective in addressing a potassium deficiency as bananas.

3. A nurse is caring for clients with electrolyte imbalances on a medical-surgical unit. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with the contributing electrolyte imbalance? (Select all that do not apply.)

A. Hypokalemia Flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression
B. Hyperphosphatemia Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness
C. . Hyponatremia Decreased level of consciousness
D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. Which substance dissociates into ions in a water solution?

A. Intracellular fluid
B. Interstitial fluid
C. Plasma
D. Electrolyte

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Electrolyte.' Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and plasma are not substances that dissociate into ions in a water solution. Intracellular fluid is the fluid inside cells, interstitial fluid is the fluid between cells, and plasma is the liquid component of blood. These choices do not dissociate into ions in a water solution, unlike electrolytes.