Nursing Elites

1. A nurse manager of a rural clinic is orienting a new employee. Which of the following information should the nurse include as a characteristic of rural health?

• A. Lower rates of maternal morbidity
• B. Reduced incidence of death from motor-vehicle crashes
• C. Increased rates of chronic illness
• D. More frequent dental preventative care visits

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Increased rates of chronic illness.' Rural areas often face challenges such as limited access to healthcare services, healthcare provider shortages, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle choices that contribute to higher rates of chronic illnesses. Maternal morbidity rates are typically higher in rural areas due to limited access to obstetric care. While rural areas may have fewer motor-vehicle crashes compared to urban areas, the severity of crashes is usually higher due to factors like longer emergency response times. Dental care access can also be limited in rural areas, leading to less frequent preventative care visits.

2. The nurse notes that a healthcare provider has prescribed a higher than normal dose of medication. What action should the nurse take?

• A. Administer the prescribed dose
• B. Ask another nurse to verify the dose
• C. Administer half of the dose
• D. Contact the healthcare provider to clarify the prescription

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a healthcare provider prescribes a dose that is higher than normal, it is crucial for the nurse to contact the provider to clarify the prescription. Administering the prescribed dose without clarification can lead to potential harm to the patient due to the elevated dosage. Asking another nurse to verify the dose may not provide the necessary clarification from the prescriber. Administering only half of the prescribed dose without consulting the healthcare provider is not the appropriate action, as the full rationale behind the higher dose needs to be understood before any administration.

3. A nurse is observing a nursing student practicing standard precautions. Which observation by the instructor indicates that further teaching is necessary?

• A. The nursing student wears gloves when changing bed linens.
• B. The nursing student wears gloves to remove a wound dressing.
• C. The nursing student washes hands after removing gloves.
• D. The nursing student touches the patient's skin with sterile gloves.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because touching a patient's skin with sterile gloves compromises the sterility of the gloves, increasing the risk of contamination. Choices A, B, and C demonstrate correct practices in standard precautions. Wearing gloves when changing bed linens and to remove a wound dressing, as well as washing hands after removing gloves, are all appropriate and necessary steps to prevent the spread of infection.

4. A client with a DNR order has requested resuscitation during a visit from the family. What is the nurse's best course of action?

• A. Follow the family's request and perform CPR.
• B. Explain to the family that the DNR must be honored.
• C. Call the healthcare provider to cancel the DNR order.
• D. Delay resuscitation until further clarification can be made.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct course of action for the nurse is to explain to the family that the DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order must be honored. It is essential for the nurse to uphold the client's wishes as documented in the DNR order. Performing CPR against the client's expressed wishes in the DNR order would violate ethical and legal standards. Calling the healthcare provider to cancel the DNR order without the client's consent is inappropriate and goes against the client's autonomy. Delaying resuscitation can be detrimental in an emergency situation and may not align with the client's wishes as outlined in the DNR order.

5. A client with pneumonia is receiving oxygen therapy. Which of the following oxygen delivery devices should be used to deliver a precise oxygen concentration?

• A. Nasal cannula
• B. Simple face mask
• C. Venturi mask
• D. Non-rebreather mask

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A Venturi mask should be used to deliver a precise oxygen concentration to a client with pneumonia. Venturi masks are designed to deliver a specific oxygen concentration by mixing oxygen with room air in a precise ratio. This device is ideal for patients who require accurate oxygen delivery, such as those with chronic lung diseases. Nasal cannulas deliver a lower concentration of oxygen and are more suitable for patients with mild respiratory issues. Simple face masks and non-rebreather masks do not provide as precise control over the oxygen concentration as a Venturi mask.

Similar Questions