a nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has impetigo which of the following instructions should the nurse include

ATI RN

ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023

1. A caregiver is seeking guidance from a healthcare provider concerning a child diagnosed with impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the healthcare provider include?

A. Apply warm compresses to the affected area.
B. Keep the child home from school until lesions are crusted over.
C. Apply antibiotic ointment to the lesions.
D. Cleanse the affected area with hydrogen peroxide.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The healthcare provider should recommend applying antibiotic ointment to the lesions to prevent the spread of infection and facilitate healing. Antibiotic ointment helps combat the bacterial infection associated with impetigo and supports the skin's recovery process. This approach aids in reducing symptoms, preventing complications, and promoting a quicker resolution of the condition.

2. A caregiver is teaching a parent of a child with a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the caregiver include in the teaching?

A. Give the medication with milk.
B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
C. Avoid giving the medication with orange juice.
D. Brush the child's teeth after administration.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: It is important for the caregiver to instruct the parent to brush the child's teeth after administering ferrous sulfate to prevent staining of the teeth. Iron in ferrous sulfate can cause teeth discoloration, so brushing the child's teeth after taking the medication helps prevent this side effect.

3. A patient taking sildenafil (Viagra) asks a nurse what action to take if priapism occurs. Which response should the nurse provide?

A. Take an additional half-strength dose of sildenafil
B. The condition usually resolves in 12 hours or less
C. Wait until the following day and notify the doctor
D. Seek emergency help, because permanent damage can occur

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients experiencing priapism from sildenafil should seek immediate medical attention. Priapism is a serious condition where an erection lasts longer than 4 hours, and if left untreated, it can lead to irreversible damage to the penile tissue, potentially causing permanent erectile dysfunction. Therefore, prompt intervention is crucial to prevent long-term complications.

4. How would you best evaluate the clinical usefulness of a test?

A. Decide on using a single test for all clients and families
B. Consider what needs to be collected and discuss with colleagues
C. Ask the family for a test suggestion
D. Read the statistical methods used to validate the scores

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When evaluating the clinical usefulness of a test, the best approach is to consider what specific information needs to be collected based on the clients' needs. Discussing these considerations with colleagues helps in ensuring that the chosen test is appropriate and beneficial for the individuals being assessed. Choice A is incorrect as using a single test for all clients may not account for individual differences. Choice C is incorrect as the family's suggestion alone may not align with clinical needs. Choice D is incorrect as understanding statistical methods alone may not fully capture the clinical utility of a test.

5. The healthcare professional is completing the intake and output record for a child admitted for fluid volume deficit. The child has had the following intake and output during the shift: 4 oz of Pedialyte, One-half of an 8-oz cup of clear orange Jell-O, Two graham crackers, 200 mL of D5 1/2 sodium chloride IV. Output: 345 mL of urine, 50 mL of loose stool. How many milliliters should the healthcare professional document as the client's total intake? Give the numerical answer only. Do not include any units of measurement.

A. 440
B. 400
C. 410
D. 450

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The total intake is 440 mL (4 oz of Pedialyte = 120 mL, half of an 8 oz cup of Jell-O = 120 mL, and 200 mL of IV fluids). The graham crackers are not counted as intake. Therefore, the correct answer is 440. Choice B (400) is incorrect because it does not account for the intake of Jell-O. Choice C (410) is incorrect as it does not include the Pedialyte intake. Choice D (450) is incorrect because it overestimates the total intake by including the graham crackers.