ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. A parent of a child with celiac disease is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You should give your child vitamin supplements that contain iron.
- B. Your child will need a gluten-free diet.
- C. Your child should consume large amounts of dietary fiber.
- D. Your child can resume eating whole wheat bread.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Celiac disease requires a strict gluten-free diet to manage the condition effectively. Gluten-containing foods like wheat, barley, and rye must be avoided to prevent intestinal damage and symptoms in individuals with celiac disease. Therefore, the nurse should emphasize the importance of a gluten-free diet to the parent of the child with celiac disease.
2. A parent of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Offer the infant feedings every 2 hours.
- B. Position the infant upright after feedings.
- C. Feed the infant thickened formula.
- D. Place the infant in a prone position after feedings.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct posture after feedings is crucial for an infant with gastroesophageal reflux to reduce the risk of regurgitation. Placing the infant upright helps prevent the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus, minimizing symptoms of reflux.
3. A patient is prescribed Lisinopril as part of the treatment plan for heart failure. Which finding indicates the patient is experiencing the therapeutic effect of this drug?
- A. Weight gain of 5 pounds in 1 week
- B. Potassium level of 3.5mEq/L
- C. Crackles in the lungs are no longer heard
- D. Jugular vein distention
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, promotes venous dilation, which helps reduce pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema. The absence of previously heard crackles in the lungs indicates effectiveness in reducing pulmonary congestion. Edema and jugular vein distention are signs of heart failure and would not indicate the therapeutic effect of Lisinopril. A potassium level of 3.5mEq/L is within the normal range and not directly related to the therapeutic effect of Lisinopril.
4. Which statement best describes the recommended approach to increase participation as the focus of intervention with children and youth?
- A. Remediate areas of concern and the child's limitations
- B. Intervene with family and friends to interact differently with the child
- C. Promote the child's strengths and allow the child to accommodate challenges
- D. Evaluate the child's areas of competence and achievement, along with challenges
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The recommended approach to intervention with children and youth focuses on evaluating the child's areas of competence and achievement, along with challenges. By understanding the child's strengths and competencies, interventions can be tailored to build upon these existing positive attributes. This approach fosters a positive self-image and encourages further development by capitalizing on the child's strengths.
5. A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?
- A. Urinary tract infection
- B. Nephrotic syndrome
- C. Acute glomerulonephritis
- D. Vesicoureteral reflux
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The signs and symptoms of dysuria and urgency in a child with daytime enuresis typically indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI). These symptoms, along with urinary frequency and pain during urination, are common manifestations of a UTI in children. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than dysuria and urgency. Acute glomerulonephritis presents with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and oliguria, not dysuria and urgency. Vesicoureteral reflux can lead to recurrent UTIs but does not directly cause dysuria and urgency.
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