a nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is prescribed enalapril which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct t

ATI RN

ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023

1. A healthcare provider is providing discharge instructions to a client who is prescribed Enalapril. Which of the following adverse effects should the healthcare provider instruct the client to monitor?

A. Dry cough
B. Weight gain
C. Diarrhea
D. Nausea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A persistent dry cough is a common adverse effect of Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor. This cough is a result of increased bradykinin levels due to ACE inhibition. The client should be educated to monitor for a dry cough and notify the healthcare provider if it occurs, as it may indicate the need for a medication adjustment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because weight gain, diarrhea, and nausea are not commonly associated adverse effects of Enalapril.

2. Which medication is contraindicated with Nitroglycerin?

A. Hydrochloroquine
B. Methylprednisolone
C. Phenazopyridine
D. Erectile dysfunction drugs

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Erectile dysfunction drugs. Erectile dysfunction drugs are contraindicated with Nitroglycerin because they can potentiate the hypotensive effects of Nitroglycerin, leading to severe hypotension. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they are not known to have significant interactions with Nitroglycerin.

3. A client has a prescription for Nitroglycerin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Take one tablet every 15 minutes until pain is relieved.
B. Take one tablet every 5 minutes, up to three doses.
C. Take one tablet at bedtime.
D. Take one tablet on an empty stomach.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct administration of Nitroglycerin involves taking one tablet at the onset of chest pain, then another tablet every 5 minutes for up to three doses. This protocol aims to relieve angina symptoms. Choice A is incorrect because waiting 15 minutes between doses may delay symptom relief. Choice C is incorrect as Nitroglycerin is not typically taken at bedtime but rather during angina episodes. Choice D is incorrect because Nitroglycerin is usually taken sublingually, so it doesn't need to be taken on an empty stomach.

4. What is a common side effect of Albuterol?

A. Paradoxical Bronchospasm
B. Diarrhea
C. Seizures
D. Vision Loss

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A common side effect of Albuterol is paradoxical bronchospasm, a condition where the airways become more constricted instead of relaxing. This can be a serious adverse reaction to the medication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not commonly associated with Albuterol use. Diarrhea and seizures are not typically reported side effects of Albuterol, and vision loss is not a recognized side effect of this medication.

5. A client is being assessed by a healthcare provider while taking Digoxin to manage heart failure. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity?

A. Bruising
B. Report of metallic taste
C. Muscle pain
D. Report of anorexia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct manifestation of digoxin toxicity is anorexia, not bruising, metallic taste, or muscle pain. Other symptoms of digoxin toxicity include blurred vision, stomach pain, and diarrhea. It is crucial for healthcare providers to promptly identify these signs to prevent severe complications.