Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is planning to administer several medications to a client through a nasogastric (NG) tube. What action should the nurse take?

• A. Dissolve crushed tablet medications in tap water
• B. Administer all medications together
• C. Flush the NG tube with 60 mL of water before each medication
• D. Dissolve medications separately and flush with sterile water

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when administering medications through a nasogastric (NG) tube is to dissolve medications separately and flush the tube with sterile water. This is important to prevent interactions between medications and ensure accurate administration. Option A is incorrect because tap water may not be sterile and could lead to contamination. Option B is incorrect as it increases the risk of drug interactions and may affect the effectiveness of each medication. Option C is incorrect as 60 mL of water before each medication may not be enough to ensure proper medication delivery and prevent interactions.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. What should the nurse identify as a sign of catheter occlusion?

• A. Bladder spasms
• B. Bladder distention
• C. Frequent urination
• D. Hematuria

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bladder distention. Bladder distention is a sign of catheter occlusion because it indicates a failure to drain urine properly. Bladder spasms (Choice A) are more commonly associated with bladder irritability rather than catheter occlusion. Frequent urination (Choice C) is unlikely in a client with an indwelling catheter as the urine should be draining continuously. Hematuria (Choice D) refers to blood in the urine and is not typically a direct sign of catheter occlusion.

3. A client is found on the floor experiencing a seizure. What is the nurse's priority action?

• A. Apply oxygen
• B. Place the client on their side
• C. Administer an anticonvulsant
• D. Notify the provider

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's priority action when finding a client experiencing a seizure is to place the client on their side. This action helps maintain an open airway and prevents aspiration, which is crucial during a seizure. Applying oxygen may be necessary after ensuring a patent airway, while administering an anticonvulsant is not within the nurse's scope of practice during an acute seizure. Notifying the provider can be done after ensuring the client's immediate safety.

4. A nurse is preparing to perform a routine abdominal assessment. Which action should the nurse take first?

• A. Percuss the abdomen
• B. Auscultate bowel sounds
• C. Inspect the abdomen
• D. Palpate the abdomen

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to auscultate bowel sounds. Auscultation should be performed before palpation during an abdominal assessment to avoid altering bowel sounds. Inspecting the abdomen is important but should follow auscultation. Percussion and palpation should be done after auscultation and inspection to ensure an accurate assessment.

5. A nurse in an acute care facility is caring for a client who is postop following abdominal surgery. Which behavior should the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk for constipation?

• A. Increased physical activity
• B. Frequent urge suppression
• C. Increased fiber intake
• D. Decreased fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Frequent urge suppression can lead to constipation, especially postoperatively. Suppressing the urge to defecate can disrupt normal bowel movements and result in constipation. Increased physical activity, increased fiber intake, and adequate fluid intake are measures that typically help prevent constipation by promoting bowel regularity and preventing stool hardening. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are not behaviors that increase the client's risk for constipation.

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