Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a newborn in the nursery following a circumcision. The newborn's grandparent, who does not have an identification bracelet, requests to take the newborn to his parents' room. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Check the newborn's identification bracelet against the chart
• B. Obtain permission from the newborn's parents
• C. Respectfully deny the grandparent's request
• D. Review the newborn's footprints record

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, where the grandparent lacks proper identification, the nurse should respectfully deny the request to take the newborn. It is crucial to prioritize the newborn's safety and security by following hospital policies and procedures. Checking the newborn's identification bracelet against the chart (Choice A) may not be sufficient to address the situation at hand, as the grandparent's lack of identification is the primary concern. While obtaining permission from the newborn's parents (Choice B) is important, the lack of proper identification from the grandparent takes precedence. Reviewing the newborn's footprints record (Choice D) is not necessary in this situation, as the immediate concern is ensuring proper identification and security before allowing the newborn to leave the nursery.

2. A client is preparing for surgery wearing a necklace. What is the appropriate action?

• A. Remove the necklace and place it in a drawer
• B. Tape the necklace to the patient's skin
• C. Ask the patient for permission to lock it in a safe
• D. Ask the family to hold onto the necklace

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The appropriate action when a client is wearing a necklace before surgery is to ask the patient for permission to lock it in a safe. This is in line with hospital policy to secure valuables before entering surgery. Choice A is incorrect because simply placing the necklace in a drawer may not be secure. Choice B is incorrect as taping the necklace to the patient's skin can cause skin irritation and is not a standard practice. Choice D is incorrect because the responsibility for securing valuables typically lies with the healthcare team, not the patient's family.

3. What is a primary goal when managing a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

• A. Encourage the client to engage in regular physical exercise
• B. Help the client avoid anxiety triggers through behavioral therapy
• C. Encourage the client to express feelings openly
• D. Teach relaxation techniques to help manage anxiety

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When managing a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a primary goal is to teach relaxation techniques to help manage anxiety. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness can be effective in reducing anxiety symptoms. Encouraging the client to engage in regular physical exercise (Choice A) can be beneficial but teaching relaxation techniques is more specific to managing anxiety. Avoiding anxiety triggers through behavioral therapy (Choice B) may be part of the treatment plan but teaching relaxation techniques is more directly aimed at managing anxiety. While encouraging the client to express feelings openly (Choice C) can be important for overall emotional well-being, teaching relaxation techniques is more focused on addressing the symptoms of anxiety.

4. What are the clinical manifestations of hypovolemic shock, and how should a nurse respond?

• A. Hypertension, bradycardia, and oliguria
• B. Bradycardia, hypertension, and peripheral edema
• C. Tachypnea, cool skin, and confusion
• D. Tachycardia, hypotension, and decreased urine output

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tachycardia, hypotension, and decreased urine output are classic clinical manifestations of hypovolemic shock. In hypovolemic shock, the body tries to compensate for low blood volume by increasing the heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain cardiac output, leading to hypotension and decreased urine output. Prompt fluid replacement is necessary to restore intravascular volume. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not represent the typical manifestations of hypovolemic shock.

5. How should a nurse respond to a client with terminal cancer who has requested a change in the level of pain medication?

• A. Increase the dosage without consulting the healthcare provider.
• B. Consult with the healthcare provider to adjust the medication.
• C. Ignore the request as the client is near the end of life.
• D. Increase the medication to reduce pain faster.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to consult with the healthcare provider to adjust the medication. It is crucial for the healthcare provider to be involved in changing pain medication for a client with terminal cancer to ensure that the new dosage is appropriate and safe. Option A is incorrect because adjusting medication without consulting the healthcare provider can be dangerous and is not within the scope of the nurse's practice. Option C is incorrect because ignoring the client's request goes against the principles of patient-centered care. Option D is incorrect as the primary goal should be to provide effective pain relief with the appropriate dosage, not to increase the medication arbitrarily.

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