Nursing Elites

1. A client just received a diagnosis of cancer. Which statement by the nurse demonstrates empathy?

• A. "This must be hard news to hear. Tell me more about it."?
• B. "I believe you can overcome this because I have seen how strong you are."?
• C. "Tomorrow will be better."
• D. "What is your biggest fear about this diagnosis?"?

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. What should be done immediately after an ankle injury?

• A. Immobilize, heat, compress, and elevate the ankle
• B. Rest, ice, compress, and lower the ankle
• C. Rest, ice, compress, and elevate the ankle
• D. Rest, incubate, confine, and lower the ankle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rest, ice, compress, and elevate the ankle. After an ankle injury, it is essential to follow the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) for immediate treatment. Resting the injured ankle helps prevent further damage, applying ice reduces swelling and pain, compression with a bandage provides support and helps control swelling, and elevating the ankle above heart level reduces swelling by allowing fluid to drain away from the injury site. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because heating, incubating, or confining the ankle can worsen the injury by increasing swelling and inflammation instead of reducing them.

3. What statement by the client with plantar fasciitis indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. I will use warm packs on my feet.
• B. I will use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) for comfort.
• C. I will rest and stretch my feet.
• D. I will wear supportive shoes.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Using warm packs can exacerbate inflammation in plantar fasciitis. Choices B, C, and D are all appropriate interventions for managing plantar fasciitis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. Resting and stretching the feet can promote healing and reduce symptoms. Wearing supportive shoes can provide stability and reduce strain on the plantar fascia. Therefore, the client's statement about using warm packs indicates a need for further teaching as it can worsen the condition.

4. What does CREST stand for?

• A. Calcinosis, Raynaud's, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly and Telecines
• B. Calcinosis, Reverse isolation, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly and Telangiectasia
• C. Calcinosis, Raynaud's, Everted colon, Sclerodactyly and Telangiectasia
• D. Calcinosis, Raynaud's Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly and telangiectasia

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

5. What is correct about a nursing diagnosis?

• A. It is a human response to disease, injury, or other stressors.
• B. It remains constant as long as the disease is present.
• C. It is a way to identify pathology.
• D. It is a disease, illness, or injury.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes. Choice A is correct because it identifies nursing diagnosis as related to human responses to health conditions or life processes. Choice B is incorrect because nursing diagnoses can change as the patient's condition changes. Choice C is incorrect because a nursing diagnosis is about responses, not just identifying pathology. Choice D is incorrect because a nursing diagnosis is not the same as a disease, illness, or injury; it is a statement about the patient's response to these conditions.

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