you are the nurse caring for a patient who is to receive iv daunorubicin a chemotherapeutic agent you start the infusion and check the insertion site

ATI RN

ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

1. You are the nurse caring for a patient who is to receive IV daunorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent. You start the infusion and check the insertion site as per protocol. During your most recent check, you note that the IV has infiltrated so you stop the infusion. What is your main concern with this infiltration?

A. Extravasation of the medication
B. Discomfort to the patient
C. Blanching at the site
D. Hypersensitivity reaction to the medication

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. 1.A nurse prepares to insert a peripheral venous catheter in an older adult client. Which action should the nurse take to protect the clients skin during this procedure?

A. Lower the extremity below the level of the heart.
B. Apply warm compresses to the extremity.
C. Tap the skin lightly and avoid slapping.
D. Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. You are performing an admission assessment on an older adult patient newly admitted for end-stage liver disease. What principle should guide your assessment of the patients skin turgor?

A. Overhydration is common among healthy older adults.
B. Dehydration causes the skin to appear spongy
C. Inelastic skin turgor is a normal part of aging
D. Skin turgor cannot be assessed in patients over 70.

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

4. Which of the following statements is correct?

A. People with less body fat have more body water.
B. Infants have more water per pound than adults.
C. Females have more body water per pound than males.
D. Infants have the same water content per pound as adults.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement is that people with less body fat have more body water. This is because fat tissue contains less water compared to lean tissue, so individuals with less body fat generally have a higher percentage of body water. Choice B is incorrect as infants actually have more water per pound than adults due to their higher body water content. Choice C is incorrect as males typically have more body water per pound than females. Choice D is incorrect as infants have a higher water content per pound compared to adults.

5. A 65-year-old male patient was admitted to a medical-surgical unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis; a nasogastric tube was inserted upon admission and has been on low intermittent suction since then. The nurse taking care of the patient notices that his potassium is very low and becomes concerned that the patient may be at risk for:

A. Hypercalcemia
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Respiratory acidosis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, metabolic alkalosis. The patient with pyloric stenosis has been on low intermittent suction, leading to the loss of hydrogen and chloride ions. This condition causes metabolic alkalosis due to the removal of these ions. Options A (Hypercalcemia) and D (Respiratory acidosis) are incorrect as they are not directly related to the scenario described. Option B (Metabolic acidosis) is also incorrect; in this case, the patient is at risk of metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of hydrogen and chloride ions through gastric suction.