Nursing Elites

1. Which question should the healthcare provider ask when assessing the client for an endocrine dysfunction?

• A. “Have you noticed any pain in your legs when walking?”
• B. “Have you had any unexplained weight loss?”
• C. “Have you noticed any change in your bowel movements?”
• D. “Have you experienced any joint pain or discomfort?”

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: “Have you had any unexplained weight loss?” Unexplained weight loss can be a significant symptom of various endocrine disorders, such as hyperthyroidism and diabetes. Weight changes are often closely linked to endocrine dysfunction due to the hormonal imbalances affecting metabolism. Choices A, C, and D are less specific to endocrine dysfunction. Pain in the legs, changes in bowel movements, and joint pain or discomfort are symptoms that can be related to various health conditions but are not as indicative of endocrine disorders as unexplained weight loss.

2. Which of the following nursing interventions is important for a client scheduled to have a Guaiac Test?

• A. Avoid turnips, radish, and horseradish 3 days before
• B. Continue iron preparation to prevent further loss of iron
• C. Do not consume red meat 12 hours before the procedure
• D. Encourage consumption of dark-colored foods with caffeine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Turnips, radish, and horseradish are known to cause false-positive results in a Guaiac Test, which is used to detect blood in the stool. Avoiding these foods is crucial to ensure accurate test results. Choice B is incorrect because iron preparations can interfere with the test results. Choice C is incorrect as red meat does not impact the Guaiac Test significantly. Choice D is incorrect as caffeine and dark-colored foods are not relevant to the preparation for a Guaiac Test.

3. Where do most peptic ulcers occur?

• A. Esophagus
• B. Stomach
• C. Duodenum
• D. Jejunum

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Most peptic ulcers occur in the duodenum, particularly in cases of duodenal ulcers. The correct answer is the duodenum because it is the most common site for peptic ulcers to develop. Peptic ulcers rarely occur in the esophagus and jejunum, making choices A, B, and D incorrect.

4. Neomycin may decrease absorption of which nutrient?

• A. Iron, copper, and zinc
• B. Protein and amino acids
• C. Fat-soluble vitamins
• D. Water-soluble vitamins

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fat-soluble vitamins. Neomycin is known to interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. This is because neomycin can disrupt the normal gut flora responsible for the absorption of these vitamins. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because neomycin primarily affects the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, not minerals, proteins, amino acids, or water-soluble vitamins.

5. Which outcome should the nurse identify for the client diagnosed with fluid volume excess?

• A. The client will void a minimum of 30 mL per hour
• B. The client will have elastic skin turgor
• C. The client will have no adventitious breath sounds
• D. The client will have a serum creatinine of 1.4 mg/dL

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Absence of adventitious breath sounds indicates that fluid is not accumulating in the lungs, a key outcome in managing fluid volume excess. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. A client with fluid volume excess may not necessarily void a minimum of 30 mL per hour, have elastic skin turgor, or have a specific serum creatinine level. The absence of adventitious breath sounds is a more direct indicator of managing fluid volume excess.

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