Nursing Elites

1. Which agency reviews whether an organization meets its own criteria for staffing?

• A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
• B. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)
• C. Patient Classification Systems (PCSs)
• D. Nursing Care Hours (NCHs)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). This agency specifies that the right number of competent staff should be provided to meet client's needs. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not focus on the review of staffing criteria within an organization. The American Nurses Association (ANA) is an organization that supports nurses, Patient Classification Systems (PCSs) are tools used for patient classification, and Nursing Care Hours (NCHs) are related to the number of care hours provided.

2. Change is a mandatory skill for managers. Successful change agents display certain characteristics. Some of these characteristics are: (Select all that apply.)

• A. Energy
• B. Confidence
• C. Ambiguity
• D. Trustworthiness

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Ambiguity.' The rationale behind this is that the provided list of characteristics that successful change agents demonstrate includes 'realistic thinking' as one of the traits, not 'ambiguity.' Therefore, 'A: Energy,' 'B: Confidence,' and 'D: Trustworthiness' are not among the characteristics mentioned in the extract.

3. Which of the following strategies is most effective for reducing medication errors on a nursing unit?

• A. Increasing the nurse-to-patient ratio
• B. Providing ongoing education on safe medication practices
• C. Using barcoding technology for medication administration
• D. Increasing the use of PRN medications

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most effective strategy for reducing medication errors on a nursing unit is using barcoding technology for medication administration. Barcoding technology helps to ensure the right medication is given to the right patient in the right dose at the right time. Increasing the nurse-to-patient ratio (choice A) may help in preventing errors due to workload, but it may not address the root cause of medication errors. Providing ongoing education (choice B) is important but may not be as effective as implementing technology to directly prevent errors during administration. Increasing the use of PRN medications (choice D) can actually increase the risk of errors if not carefully monitored and controlled.

4. An RN cared for a state senator during the day shift. Later that day he was having dinner with friends when the news mentioned the senator had been hospitalized. The RN�s friends asked if he knew what was wrong with the senator. Which ethical principle should the RN consider when replying?

• A. Fidelity
• B. Confidentiality
• C. Veracity
• D. Accountability

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The RN should consider the ethical principle of confidentiality when replying.

5. Achieving Magnet Hospital designation offers hospitals the following advantages: (Select all that apply.)

• A. Greater client satisfaction.
• B. Improved nursing recruitment.
• C. Greater client workload.
• D. Nurses who are independent decision makers.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Achieving Magnet Hospital designation offers hospitals advantages such as improved nursing recruitment and greater nursing retention. The empowered, independent problem-solving nurses resulting from this designation contribute to greater client satisfaction and improved nursing care. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Greater client workload' (C). Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because although they are beneficial outcomes of achieving Magnet Hospital designation, they are not advantages specifically mentioned in the provided rationale.

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