Nursing Elites

1. What is the charge of a beta particle?

• A. -1
• B. +1
• C. +2
• D. No charge

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A beta particle has a charge of -1. Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons emitted during radioactive decay processes. Since electrons carry a charge of -1, beta particles also carry a charge of -1. This negative charge indicates that beta particles are negatively charged. Option B is incorrect as it suggests a positive charge, which is not the case for beta particles. Option C is incorrect as it indicates a higher positive charge, which is not true for beta particles. Option D is incorrect as beta particles do have a charge, which is negative.

2. What are the columns of the periodic table called?

• A. Periods
• B. Families
• C. Groups
• D. Rows

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the periodic table, columns are referred to as groups, not periods, families, or rows. These groups share similar chemical properties due to the arrangement of elements within each group, which is based on the number of valence electrons. The vertical columns help classify elements with similar characteristics. Periods refer to the rows of the periodic table, while families or groups are the vertical columns.

3. Which chemical reaction involves the formation of a single product from two or more reactants?

• A. Synthesis reaction
• B. Combustion reaction
• C. Decomposition reaction
• D. Double displacement reaction

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A synthesis reaction involves the combination of two or more reactants to form a single product. This type of reaction is characterized by the merging of substances to create a more complex compound. In a synthesis reaction, the reactants bond together to form a new product, making it the correct choice for this scenario. Combustion reactions involve the rapid combination of oxygen with another substance, resulting in the release of energy in the form of heat and light. Decomposition reactions entail the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances, often through the application of heat or electricity. Double displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds, leading to the formation of two new compounds.

4. What term refers to the average of the masses of each of its isotopes as they occur in nature?

• A. Atomic number
• B. Mass number
• C. Atomic mass
• D. Neutron number

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is atomic mass. Atomic mass is the weighted average of the masses of an element's isotopes. It takes into account the abundance of each isotope in nature to provide a more accurate representation of the element's overall mass. Choice A, atomic number, represents the number of protons in an atom. Choice B, mass number, refers to the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Choice D, neutron number, specifically focuses on the count of neutrons in an atom's nucleus. These choices do not directly relate to the average mass of isotopes as asked in the question.

5. What is the normal body temperature in Fahrenheit?

• A. 96°F
• B. 98.6°F
• C. 100°F
• D. 95°F

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The normal body temperature for humans is 98.6°F, which is equivalent to 37°C. This temperature is considered the average baseline for most individuals when measured orally. Choice A (96°F) is too low for normal body temperature. Choice C (100°F) is too high for normal body temperature. Choice D (95°F) is also lower than the normal body temperature range. Therefore, the correct answer is B, 98.6°F.

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