HESI A2
Anatomy and Physiology Hesi A2 Practice Test
1. Which of the following is not part of the central nervous system?
- A. Retina
- B. Spinal cord
- C. Brain
- D. Heart
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for processing and coordinating information. The retina is part of the eye, while the heart is part of the circulatory system. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Spinal cord' as it is not part of the central nervous system.
2. What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?
- A. To filter blood and remove old red blood cells
- B. To produce white blood cells
- C. To store lymphocytes
- D. To produce antibodies
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The spleen plays a crucial role in the immune system by filtering blood, specifically removing old or damaged red blood cells. It also stores lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that help fight infections. While the spleen does not produce white blood cells or antibodies, its main functions lie in blood filtration and storage of immune cells. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because the spleen does not produce white blood cells. Choice C is incorrect as the spleen stores lymphocytes but does not primarily function to do so. Choice D is incorrect because the spleen does not produce antibodies.
3. Which of the following endocrine system glands releases the thyrotrophic-releasing hormone, growth hormone-releasing hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormones?
- A. Thymus
- B. Pituitary gland
- C. Pineal gland
- D. Hypothalamus
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, the Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is responsible for releasing various essential hormones, including thyrotrophic-releasing hormone, growth hormone-releasing hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormones. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating the functions of other endocrine glands by stimulating or inhibiting their hormone production. The Thymus (choice A) is primarily involved in the immune system, the Pituitary gland (choice B) secretes various hormones but not the ones specified in the question, and the Pineal gland (choice C) mainly produces melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles, and is not related to the hormones mentioned in the question.
4. Which structure in the ear is responsible for hearing?
- A. Cochlea
- B. Semicircular canals
- C. Ossicles
- D. Eustachian tube
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The cochlea, located in the inner ear, is responsible for detecting sound waves and converting them into neural signals that are sent to the brain for processing. It plays a crucial role in the process of hearing by translating mechanical vibrations into electrical signals that the brain can interpret as sound. The semicircular canals (Choice B) are responsible for balance and detecting head movements, not hearing. The ossicles (Choice C) are three tiny bones in the middle ear that transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the cochlea. The Eustachian tube (Choice D) helps equalize pressure between the middle ear and the atmosphere, but it is not directly involved in the process of hearing.
5. What is the main function of the immune system?
- A. To produce hormones
- B. To protect the body from infections
- C. To remove waste products
- D. To regulate body temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The main function of the immune system is to protect the body from infections by identifying and destroying pathogens like bacteria and viruses. It plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and preventing illnesses. Choice A is incorrect because hormone production is primarily handled by the endocrine system, not the immune system. Choice C is incorrect as waste removal is mainly performed by the excretory system, not the immune system. Choice D is incorrect as regulating body temperature is primarily the role of the thermoregulatory system, not the immune system.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
HESI A2 Basic
$99/ 30 days
- 3,000 Questions with answers
- 30 days access @ $99
HESI A2 Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- Actual HESI A 2 Questions
- 3,000 questions with answers
- 90 days access @ $149.99