HESI A2
HESI A2 Physics Quizlet
1. According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, two systems are in thermal equilibrium if:
- A. They have the same pressure.
- B. They have the same volume.
- C. They have the same temperature.
- D. They are made of the same material.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "They have the same temperature." The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. This implies that they have the same temperature. Choice A is incorrect because pressure is not the determining factor for thermal equilibrium. Choice B is incorrect because volume alone does not dictate thermal equilibrium. Choice D is incorrect as the materials the systems are made of do not determine thermal equilibrium according to the zeroth law of thermodynamics.
2. Viscosity, μ, is a transport property of a fluid that reflects its:
- A. Inertia
- B. Resistance to flow
- C. Compressibility
- D. Buoyancy generation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Viscosity refers to a fluid's resistance to flow. A fluid with high viscosity (like honey) flows slowly, while a fluid with low viscosity (like water) flows more easily. It is a measure of internal friction in the fluid. Choice A, 'Inertia,' is incorrect as inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. Choice C, 'Compressibility,' is incorrect as it refers to the ability of a fluid to be compressed. Choice D, 'Buoyancy generation,' is incorrect as it relates to the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.
3. When light travels from air into a denser medium like glass, its speed:
- A. Increases
- B. Decreases
- C. Remains constant
- D. Becomes unpredictable
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When light travels from air into a denser medium like glass, its speed decreases. This is because the higher refractive index of the denser medium causes light to slow down as it propagates through the medium. Choice A is incorrect because the speed of light decreases in a denser medium. Choice C is incorrect because the speed of light changes when it enters a denser medium. Choice D is incorrect because the change in speed is predictable based on the refractive index of the medium.
4. A 780-watt refrigerator is powered by a 120-volt power source. What is the current being drawn?
- A. 660 amperes
- B. 150 amperes
- C. 6.5 amperes
- D. 0.15 amperes
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To calculate the current being drawn by the refrigerator, you can use the formula: Current (I) = Power (P) / Voltage (V). Given that the power of the refrigerator is 780 watts and the voltage is 120 volts, you can plug these values into the formula to find the current: I = 780 watts / 120 volts = 6.5 amperes. Therefore, the current being drawn by the 780-watt refrigerator is 6.5 amperes. Choice A, 660 amperes, is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the correct answer. Choice B, 150 amperes, is also incorrect and too high. Choice D, 0.15 amperes, is incorrect as it is too low. The correct answer is 6.5 amperes.
5. Electric motors convert electrical energy primarily into:
- A. Thermal energy
- B. Light
- C. Mechanical energy
- D. Sound waves
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. When electricity passes through the coils in the motor, it creates a magnetic field that interacts with the field from the permanent magnets, resulting in a force that drives motion. Choice A, 'Thermal energy,' is incorrect as electric motors are designed to minimize heat production. Choice B, 'Light,' is incorrect as electric motors do not produce light as a primary output. Choice D, 'Sound waves,' is incorrect as the primary output of an electric motor is mechanical motion, not sound waves.
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