HESI A2
HESI Exams Quizlet Physics
1. An object moves 100 m in 10 s. What is the velocity of the object over this time?
- A. 10 m/s
- B. 90 m/s
- C. 110 m/s
- D. 1,000 m/s
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Velocity is calculated as the displacement divided by the time taken to cover that displacement. In this case, the object moves 100 meters in 10 seconds. Therefore, the velocity is 100 m / 10 s = 10 m/s. Choice B, 90 m/s, is incorrect as it doesn't match the calculated velocity. Choice C, 110 m/s, is incorrect as it is higher than the calculated velocity. Choice D, 1,000 m/s, is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the calculated velocity.
2. A system undergoes an isobaric process (constant pressure). In this process, the work done (W) by the system is:
- A. Zero, if the volume change (ΔV) is zero.
- B. Positive and equal to the pressure multiplied by the volume change (W = PΔV).
- C. Negative and equal to the pressure multiplied by the volume change.
- D. Independent of the pressure or volume change.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In an isobaric process (constant pressure), the work done is given by the formula W = PΔV, where P is the pressure and ΔV is the change in volume. If the volume does not change, the work done is zero, not negative. Choice A is incorrect as it states the work done is zero when the volume change is zero, which is the correct condition for zero work. Choice C is incorrect as it incorrectly suggests that the work done is negative in an isobaric process. Choice D is incorrect as the work done in an isobaric process is indeed dependent on the volume change and pressure.
3. Capillarity describes the tendency of fluids to rise or fall in narrow tubes. This phenomenon arises from the interplay of:
- A. Buoyancy and pressure differentials
- B. Density variations and compressibility of the fluid
- C. Viscous dissipation and inertial effects
- D. Surface tension at the liquid-gas interface and intermolecular forces
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Capillarity occurs due to surface tension and intermolecular forces between the liquid and the walls of the narrow tube. These forces cause the liquid to rise or fall depending on the cohesion and adhesion properties. Surface tension at the liquid-gas interface and intermolecular forces are responsible for capillary action, making choice D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the specific forces involved in capillarity.
4. The drag force (F_d) experienced by an object moving through a fluid depends on:
- A. Object's shape and size only
- B. Fluid properties and object velocity
- C. Depth of submersion only
- D. Buoyant force acting on the object
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The drag force experienced by an object moving through a fluid depends on multiple factors, including the object's shape, size, velocity, and the fluid's properties such as viscosity and density. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because drag force is not solely determined by the object's shape and size, depth of submersion, or buoyant force acting on the object. The primary factors affecting drag force are the fluid properties and the object's velocity. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
5. A 60-watt lightbulb is powered by a 110-volt power source. What is the current being drawn?
- A. 0.55 amperes
- B. 1.83 amperes
- C. 50 amperes
- D. 6,600 amperes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the current being drawn, use the formula I = P / V, where I is the current, P is the power in watts, and V is the voltage. Substituting the given values, I = 60 / 110 ≈ 0.55 amperes. Therefore, the current being drawn by the 60-watt lightbulb is approximately 0.55 amperes. Choice B, 1.83 amperes, is incorrect as it does not match the calculated value. Choices C and D, 50 amperes and 6,600 amperes, are significantly higher values and do not align with the expected current draw of a 60-watt lightbulb powered by a 110-volt source.
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