HESI A2
HESI Exams Quizlet Physics
1. A wave moves through its medium at 20 m/s with a wavelength of 4 m. What is the frequency of the wave?
- A. 5 s−1
- B. 16 s−1
- C. 24 s−1
- D. 80 s−1
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The formula to calculate the frequency of a wave is given by:
2. A 5-kg block is suspended from a spring, causing the spring to stretch 10 cm from equilibrium. What is the spring constant for this spring?
- A. 4.9 N/cm
- B. 9.8 N/cm
- C. 49 N/cm
- D. 50 N/cm
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The spring constant (k) can be calculated using Hooke's Law formula: F = -kx, where F is the force applied, k is the spring constant, and x is the displacement from equilibrium. In this case, the force applied is equal to the weight of the block, F = mg, where m = mass of the block = 5 kg and g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s^2. The displacement x = 10 cm = 0.1 m. Substituting the values, we have: 5 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = k * 0.1 m. Solving for k gives k = 5 * 9.8 / 0.1 = 49 N/m. Therefore, the spring constant for this spring is 49 N/cm. Choice A (4.9 N/cm) is incorrect because it is one decimal place lower than the correct answer. Choice B (9.8 N/cm) is incorrect as it does not account for the correct calculation based on the given information. Choice D (50 N/cm) is incorrect because it is slightly higher than the accurate value obtained through the calculations.
3. A 5-cm candle is placed 20 cm away from a concave mirror with a focal length of 15 cm. About what is the image height of the candle in the mirror?
- A. 30.5 cm
- B. 15.625 cm
- C. −15 cm
- D. −30.5 cm
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The magnification formula for a mirror is given by M = -f / (f - d), where f is the focal length of the mirror, and d is the object distance from the mirror. Using the mirror equation and magnification formula, the image height is found to be negative because it is inverted. Plugging in the values (f = 15 cm, d = 20 cm) into the formula gives M = -15 / (15 - 20) = -15 / -5 = 3. The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted. The image height is then calculated by multiplying the magnification by the object height: 3 * 5 cm = 15 cm. Therefore, the correct image height is approximately -15 cm. Choice A (30.5 cm) and Choice D (-30.5 cm) are incorrect as they do not consider the inversion of the image. Choice C (-15 cm) is also incorrect because it neglects the negative sign, which indicates the inversion of the image.
4. What is the primary factor responsible for generating lift on an airplane wing?
- A. Propulsion force generated by the engines
- B. Buoyant forces acting on the entire aircraft
- C. Drag reduction achieved through streamlining
- D. Application of Bernoulli's principle to the airfoil's shape
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The primary factor responsible for generating lift on an airplane wing is the application of Bernoulli's principle. This principle states that the air moving over the curved top surface of the wing has to travel faster, leading to reduced pressure above the wing and creating lift. Engines provide thrust for propulsion, not lift. Buoyant forces are more relevant to lighter-than-air aircraft like balloons or airships, not airplanes. While drag reduction through streamlining is important for efficiency, it is not the primary factor in lift generation. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
5. Which characteristic does a transverse wave not have?
- A. a compression
- B. an amplitude
- C. a frequency
- D. a wavelength
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A transverse wave does not have a compression because transverse waves move perpendicular to the direction of the oscillation. In a transverse wave, the particles move up and down, causing crests and troughs, without creating compressions. Compressions are characteristic of longitudinal waves where the particles move parallel to the direction of the wave. The other choices (B, C, and D) are characteristics that transverse waves possess: amplitude is the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position, frequency is the number of complete oscillations a wave makes in a given time, and wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points in a wave that are in the same phase.
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