HESI A2
HESI Exams Quizlet Physics
1. Which of the following substances has the highest density?
- A. Mist
- B. Water
- C. Steam
- D. Ice
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Water has the highest density among the options provided. Density is a measure of mass per unit volume. In this case, water in its liquid form is denser than mist, steam, and ice. Ice has a lower density than water because its crystalline structure causes it to be less dense. Mist and steam are forms of water vapor, which are much less dense than liquid water. Therefore, the correct answer is water (choice B).
2. A wave moves through its medium at 20 m/s with a wavelength of 4 m. What is the frequency of the wave?
- A. 5 s−1
- B. 16 s−1
- C. 24 s−1
- D. 80 s−1
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The formula to calculate the frequency of a wave is given by:
3. Which of these objects has the greatest momentum?
- A. A 1,250-kg car moving at 5 m/s
- B. An 80-kg person running at 4 m/s
- C. A 10-kg piece of meteorite moving at 600 m/s
- D. A o.5-kg rock moving at 40 m/s
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Momentum is the product of mass and velocity. The car has the highest momentum because it has the largest mass and a significant velocity.
4. A plucked guitar string makes 80 vibrations in one second. What is the period?
- A. 0.0125 s
- B. 0.025 s
- C. 0.125 s
- D. 0.25 s
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The period is the time taken for one complete vibration of the guitar string. To find the period, you need to take the reciprocal of the frequency. Since the string makes 80 vibrations in one second, the period is 1/80 = 0.0125 seconds (or 0.025 s). Choice A is incorrect because it is the reciprocal of 80. Choice C is incorrect as it is 10 times the reciprocal of 80. Choice D is incorrect as it is 100 times the reciprocal of 80.
5. A Carnot cycle is a theoretical ideal heat engine operating between two heat reservoirs at different temperatures. Which of the following statements is NOT true about a Carnot cycle?
- A. The efficiency of a Carnot cycle is solely dependent on the absolute temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs.
- B. It is a reversible cycle, meaning the process can be run in both directions with the same efficiency.
- C. It operates isothermally at the hot and cold reservoir temperatures.
- D. It is the most efficient heat engine operating between the same two reservoir temperatures.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The statement that is NOT true is C. Although part of the Carnot cycle operates isothermally, not the entire cycle operates isothermally. The Carnot cycle consists of both isothermal and adiabatic processes. Choice A is incorrect because the efficiency of a Carnot cycle is indeed solely dependent on the absolute temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs. Choice B is correct as a Carnot cycle is reversible, allowing the process to be run in both directions with the same efficiency. Choice D is also true as the Carnot cycle is the most efficient heat engine operating between the same two reservoir temperatures. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
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