HESI A2
HESI Exams Quizlet Physics
1. In a U-tube manometer, a fluid is used to measure pressure differences. When one side is connected to a pressurized system, the fluid level on that side will:
- A. Remain the same
- B. Decrease
- C. Increase
- D. Depend on the type of fluid used
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a U-tube manometer, the side connected to a pressurized system will experience a decrease in fluid level due to the pressure exerted by the system. This pressure forces the fluid down, causing the fluid level to decrease. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A and C are incorrect because the fluid level will not remain the same or increase when connected to a pressurized system. Choice D is incorrect as the type of fluid used does not determine the direction of the fluid movement in response to pressure.
2. Given the four wires described here, which would you expect to have the greatest resistance?
- A. 1 km of American wire gauge 1; diameter 7.35 mm
- B. 1 km of American wire gauge 2; diameter 6.54 mm
- C. 1 km of American wire gauge 3; diameter 5.83 mm
- D. 1 km of American wire gauge 4; diameter 5.19 mm
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The wire with the greatest resistance is the one with the smallest diameter, as resistance is inversely proportional to cross-sectional area. Gauge 4 with a 5.19 mm diameter has the smallest diameter and, therefore, the greatest resistance. Choice A, B, and C have larger diameters compared to choice D, so they would have lower resistance values.
3. A constant force is exerted on a stationary object. In this scenario, work is:
- A. Performed
- B. Not performed
- C. Partially performed
- D. Inconclusive without further information
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Work is only done when a force causes displacement. Since the object is stationary, no displacement occurs, and therefore, no work is performed. Choice A is incorrect because work requires both force and displacement. Choice C is incorrect as there is no partial work - work is either done or not done. Choice D is incorrect as the scenario provided is clear - the object is stationary, so no work is being performed.
4. Archimedes' principle explains the ability to control buoyancy, allowing:
- A. Objects to sink regardless of density differences.
- B. Airplanes to generate lift for flight.
- C. Submarines to adjust their buoyancy for submergence and resurfacing.
- D. Helium balloons to overcome gravity and float.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Archimedes' principle states that the upward buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Submarines control their buoyancy by adjusting the volume of water they displace, which allows them to submerge and resurface. Choice C is correct because it directly relates to the principle of buoyancy and how submarines utilize it. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the application of Archimedes' principle in controlling buoyancy for submergence and resurfacing.
5. Two balloons with charges of 5 μC each are placed 25 cm apart. What is the magnitude of the resulting repulsive force between them?
- A. 0.18 N
- B. 1.8 N
- C. 10−3 N
- D. 5 × 10−3 N
Correct answer: B
Rationale: To find the repulsive force between the two charges, we use Coulomb's law: F = k(q1 * q2) / r^2. Here, k is the Coulomb constant (8.99 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2), q1 and q2 are the charges (5 μC each), and r is the distance between the charges (25 cm = 0.25 m). Substituting these values into the formula: F = (8.99 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2)(5 x 10^-6 C)(5 x 10^-6 C) / (0.25 m)^2. Calculating this gives F = 1.8 N. Therefore, the magnitude of the resulting repulsive force between the two balloons is 1.8 N. Choice A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not correctly calculate the force using Coulomb's law.
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