HESI A2
HESI Exams Quizlet Physics
1. In a U-tube manometer, a fluid is used to measure pressure differences. When one side is connected to a pressurized system, the fluid level on that side will:
- A. Remain the same
- B. Decrease
- C. Increase
- D. Depend on the type of fluid used
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a U-tube manometer, the side connected to a pressurized system will experience a decrease in fluid level due to the pressure exerted by the system. This pressure forces the fluid down, causing the fluid level to decrease. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A and C are incorrect because the fluid level will not remain the same or increase when connected to a pressurized system. Choice D is incorrect as the type of fluid used does not determine the direction of the fluid movement in response to pressure.
2. How do a scalar quantity and a vector quantity differ?
- A. A scalar quantity has both magnitude and direction, and a vector does not.
- B. A scalar quantity has direction only, and a vector has only magnitude.
- C. A vector has both magnitude and direction, and a scalar quantity has only magnitude.
- D. A vector has only direction, and a scalar quantity has only magnitude.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The main difference between a scalar quantity and a vector quantity lies in the presence of direction. A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction, while a scalar quantity has magnitude only, without any specified direction. Examples of scalar quantities include distance, speed, temperature, and energy, whereas examples of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, force, and acceleration. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they incorrectly describe the characteristics of scalar and vector quantities.
3. A plucked guitar string makes 80 vibrations in one second. What is the period?
- A. 0.0125 s
- B. 0.025 s
- C. 0.125 s
- D. 0.25 s
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The period is the time taken for one complete vibration of the guitar string. To find the period, you need to take the reciprocal of the frequency. Since the string makes 80 vibrations in one second, the period is 1/80 = 0.0125 seconds (or 0.025 s). Choice A is incorrect because it is the reciprocal of 80. Choice C is incorrect as it is 10 times the reciprocal of 80. Choice D is incorrect as it is 100 times the reciprocal of 80.
4. For the core of an electromagnet, a material with high:
- A. Resistivity is ideal
- B. Permeability is preferred
- C. Permittivity is crucial
- D. Dielectric strength is essential
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A material with high permeability is preferred for the core of an electromagnet because it allows magnetic field lines to pass through it easily, enhancing the strength of the magnetic field generated. Choice A is incorrect because high resistivity would impede the flow of current in the coil, reducing the strength of the magnetic field. Choice C is incorrect as permittivity is related to electric fields, not magnetic fields. Choice D is also incorrect because dielectric strength is about insulating materials against breakdown under an electric field, not relevant to enhancing magnetic fields.
5. A 2,000-kg car travels at 15 m/s. For a 1,500-kg car traveling at 15 m/s to generate the same momentum, what would need to happen?
- A. It would need to accelerate to 20 m/s.
- B. It would need to add 500 kg in mass.
- C. Both A and B
- D. Either A or B
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Momentum is calculated as the product of mass and velocity. Since momentum is conserved in the absence of external forces, for the 1,500-kg car to generate the same momentum as the 2,000-kg car at 15 m/s, it would need to increase its velocity to compensate for the difference in mass. Accelerating to 20 m/s would achieve this without needing to change the mass of the car. Choice B is incorrect because adding mass is not necessary to match momentum in this scenario.
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